Qualites of an Effective Helper

QUALITES OF AN EFFECTIVE HELPER I believe that ill be an effective helper because I am caring trustful honest and open minded. I also know What its like self , family problems I also know the feelings of being unwanted and unloved is so Powerful that its hard to over come. I am motivated by desire to help all types of people work thought their problems no matter how big or little they are. The qualities that I have that will make me an effective helper are that I am a good listener, I am open- minded about all most everything even if I don’t really understand.I am honest and I don’t mind telling the truth to someone even if it hurts their feelings sometimes people need to hear the truth it helps them see it through someone’s else’s eyes, but I also know when to be respectful to other people needs, beliefs and values. I have had some personal problems that I think other people may have, I don’t mind sharing them with a client to show them that I have been down that road in life and with sharing I would hope that it will help our relationship.I don’t like to judge people because at some point in life everyone has had some kinds of problems and I have no right to judge we are all human we all live and learn. I have an happy go lucky presonallalliti so smiling and showing that I care comes easy for me, I have no problem putting myself on the spot to break the ice with a client. I am a patience person, I know that time is the key to help out with the relationship,, I know that it is hard to open up to someone that you think will judge you. I believe that helping a client find forgiveness it the key to most problems and that forgiving ourselves is one of the hardest things to do.I believe that everyone should have respect for all and be understanding, I try to understand everyone’s views, values and beliefs but when it comes to someone that has sexual abuse or killed a child would be really hard for me because I see ch ildren as the best gift in life, I don’t understand how any one would want to hurt them in any way. I know that they may have had it done to them . If I had to work with that has done one of those thing I would try really hard to put my feelings aside as best as I could. Nicki Prudhomme

Christmas Eve Essay

Many holidays are linked to faiths and religions. There are many holidays such as Tet holiday, Easter holiday, Labor Day†¦that being celebrate around the world. Among all those holiday, I think the most meaningful holiday is Christmas holiday. Christmas is an annual commemoration of the birth of Jesus Christ and it’s celebrated as a major festival and public holiday in countries around the world, including many whose populations are mostly non- Christian. People celebrate Christmas Day in many ways. In the days or even weeks before Christmas Day, many people decorate their homes and gardens with lights, Christmas trees and much more. It is common to organize a special meal, often consisting of turkey and a lot of other festive foods, for family or friends and exchange gifts with them. Children, in particular, often receive a lot of gifts from their parents and other relatives and the mythical figure Santa Claus. This has led to Christmas Day becoming an increasingly commercialized holiday, with a lot of families spending a large part of their income on gifts and food. The Bible does not give an exact date for the birth of Jesus. It is also unclear when December 25 became associated with the birth of Jesus, although it may have been around two hundred years after his birth. Church leaders selected December 25 for the Feast of the Nativity when the church decided that Christians needed a December holiday rival solstice celebrations. For Christians, it is the time to renew one’s faith, give generously and consider the past. Christmas tradition: Christmas traditions have a way of feeling timeless — you may have seen the same ornaments, sung the same songs and eaten the same foods for your whole life. Some Christmas traditions are, in fact, ancient. They have pre-Christian roots and originate from pagan winter-solstice celebrations or Roman festivals. Other traditions are relatively modern. Some significant holiday traditions include decorations, activities and food. Many traditions that are around today have their roots in pre-Christian winter festivals. These include the importance of candles and decorations made from evergreen bushes and tree, symbolizing everlasting light and life. Other traditional decorations include bells, candles, candy canes, stockings, wreaths, and angels. The traditional color of Christmas are red symbolizes the blood of Jesus, which was shed in his crucifixion, while green symbolizes eternal life. On the Christmas day, people gather in the church to offer prayer to god. Different parts of the world have different traditions for celebrating Christmas. In some parts of the world, Christmas is celebrated for a week, whereas in other parts of the world, it starts with the Sunday next to November 26 and concludes on January 6 with the feast of Nativity. Christmas decorations activities: Outdoor light displays and other decorating traditions have created Christmas activities of their own. Lights and banners maybe hung along the streets, music played from speakers, and Christmas trees placed in prominent places. Many Sunday schools, churches and communities organize special events. These can include decorating the neighborhood or a shopping mall, putting up a Christmas tree and planning a Nativity display, concert or performance. Some groups arrange meals, shelter or charitable projects for homeless and poor people. Christmas food: many culinary traditions are dependent on location. For instance in the South United States many families tend to have either ham or turkey for their main dish. Other families save the turkey for Thanksgiving and the ham for Easter, while eating a delicious prime rib for Christmas. Whatever you choose for your main course, potatoes, corns, beefs, dinner rolls, and fruit usually accompany the meal. Christmas gifts: for many people- whether they care to admit it or not-Christmas is about presents. Christmas’s gift- giving tradition has its roots in the three kings offering to the infant Jesus. Gifts were ostensibly meant to remind people of the magi’s offerings to Jesus and of God’s gift of Christ to humankind. Christmas carol: A lot of plays and songs have an aspect of Christmas as a theme. Eight hundred years ago, Christmas songs were performed for people in towns and villages. These songs were stories put to music and most people enjoy them. The leaders of the church, however, did not. They said the song were unsuitable, but about 180 years ago, the songs became popular again. Symbols: wide range of people and objects represent Christmas. These include baby Jesus, the Nativity and the Three Kings, but also Santa Claus, reindeer and elves. Common objects at this time of year are pine trees, holly, decorations, fairy lights, candles and presents. Christmas Day is now truly a mix of religious celebration and commercial interests. Christmas is a time for us to spent time with family and friends. It is also the time where we tend to eat some of the most delicious home cooked meals. Whatever you choose to serves on Christmas day, don’t forget through that relaxing and spending time with loved ones should be your first priority.

Should corporal punishment be permitted in public schools Essay

Should corporal punishment be permitted in public schools - Essay Example In psychology, it is a proven observation that a man’s self-awareness changes over time as they are exposed to the environment, which could facilitate their learning. This is evident in cognitive, behavioral and humanistic perspectives in psychology that try to point out that the environment plays a crucial role in the child’s developmental stage particularly in their learning process (Feldman, 2003). This therefore tries to stand in contradiction against Foster’s claim that a punishment may not be an effective deterrent. In psychology, punishment may facilitate learning (Feldman, 2003). In addition, self-awareness develops over time with age (Feldman, 2003). Considering this point, it is therefore important to include the idea that the level of learning may not be equal to all people especially among children of varying ages. There are those children who could not totally relate with punishment and there are those who could manage to understand it. As a result, some children may be able to learn from their experience with punishment and others may not, which may depend on the prevailing age due to the issue of self-awareness and its development. Considering this point, Foster might have been trying to generalise the issue. In fact, a certain study reveals that in general there is reduction of disruptive behaviors with the employment of disciplinary interventions among alomost 80 percent of the subjects (Marzano, Marzano & Pickering, 2003, p.78). Although this evidence requires further validation, but the point is that there are considerable studies needed in order to justify whatever claims concerning punishment and deterrent. There are other methodological concerns and scientific considerations that need to be taken into account the moment there is a relevant push to knowing whether corporal punishment is effective most importantly in public schools. Furthermore, punishment requires reinforcement for it to be effective. This is a remarkab le suggestion based on a study employing combined punishment and reinforcement in correcting misbehaviours (Marzano, Marzano & Pickering, 2003, p.78). This means for instance that after a child receives a punishment, there should be somebody who must be skilled enough to explain clearly to the subject concerning why there is a need to inflict punishment. This should suppose to help the child understand the point why he is punished in the first place. As a result, if children clearly understand the reason behind caning in schools, it would condensed within their innermost understanding that they just have to behave in the class. They would learn to realise that not being able to behave is not normal especially if they are in the classroom or inside the school premises where the ultimate reason why they are there is to learn good things. For them to learn, then they have to conduct themselves well. Employing punishment could help establish this mindset in schools. Now here is the ulti mate reason why corporal punishment should be permitted in public schools. Students need discipline. It is not inhumane if they are punished for as long as the ultimate reas

World Cinema - Analyze the relationship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

World Cinema - Analyze the relationship - Essay Example Guevara and Alberto witnessed injustices that characterized the world at the time under cruel injustices a fact that led to immense suffering of peasants. Self-discovery is a theme that depicts itself in the movie, with the two friends assuming their identities after their experience during the trip. This paper seeks to analyze the relationship between travel and identity in The Motorcycle Diaries. La Poderosa, meaning the mighty one, was the name of Guevara and Alberto’s motorcycle, which did not successfully complete their journey. Their journey started in their native land, Argentina. The two friends helped each other throughout the journey with medicine and food supplies. They also shared their expenses as well as money. It is through this journey that the growth in the two friends is emphasized. Not only do they stand up for each other, but they also looked into the plight of the disadvantaged in areas they visited. An example is the leper colony that they assisted in Easter Island despite them being cast out far from human contact. They even shook hands with these lepers without wearing gloves despite the risk of contracting leprosy themselves. To prove this, Guevara swims across the Amazon River, which barricaded the lepers from the doctors and nurses in solidarity with the isolated lepers. Their sense of humanity and responsibility also comes to play when they s howed their concern for the dirty and poor state hospitals in Chile, Colombia, Venezuela, and Peru. This shows their journey of self-development, which is evident through their actions. At the start of the journey, Guevara and Alberto are just two young friends who are searching for fun and adventure. They appear as restless, with wild spirits that are imaginative. However, their encounters and reaction to situations that came their way indicate their care for humanity as well as their goodwill. It can be concluded that the journey

Public Policy and Opinion Polls Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Public Policy and Opinion Polls - Coursework Example It should be noted that their views do not necessarily reflect those of the people but ought to, at least ideally. Policy content, on the other hand, is a result of actions and beliefs held by the political elite who birth political processes and set them in motion. Decision-making, political procedures and institutions are heavily dependent on the political elite echelon (Dye, 2010). The overall effect of this are laws which are meant to serve and govern the people but which they really have no say over. This is because national opinion polls, though dubbed inaccurate, on several occasions show a sentiment which differs from that held by those who stand for political process (Dye, 2010). This phenomenon is shows an antagonistic trend between policy content and the public. We ought to be concerned because political processes ought to have the interest of the common man as its central motive. This is true, at least on most occasions. A conclusion can thus made that political processes have a huge influence on decision making procedures, especially those concerning policy

Total Monetary Sales Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Total Monetary Sales - Essay Example However, the higher prices have resulted in sales decline in terms of volume; therefore, the real sales have decreased as an outcome. In other words, the company is losing its market share. Using given information, it should be highlighted that the product line has relatively inelastic demand; therefore, the increase in prices leads to less than proportional decrease in demand. Also, it should be argued that the net marketing contribution is stable because price hikes also raise company’s profit margin, which then enable the firm to assimilate losses from decrease in sales volume. Nevertheless, the firm has increased product’s market price due to surge in costs of doing business and subsequently the inflation. However, the cost structure and pricing strategy should be brought in-line because there is reasonable room to reduce market prices. For instance, it would be better to use competitive pricing strategy, after analyzing prices of substitute products, to tempt maxim um customers towards company’s market offerings. In this way, the rationalization of market prices will help enhancing sales volume and consequently the market share. This may probably lead to increase in marketing contribution if demand increases by more than proportional decrease in prices.

Exercise 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Exercise 4 - Essay Example Calling itself a start up, Mr. Brechner explained that by not taking a risk on the education and early technology training of the Uruguayan children, a whole generation was lost every year since they were prevented from experiencing equality and social inclusion. They did this by enacting active policies within the state. The initiative took great pride in being able to separate policy making and management while conceptualizing the project. The steering committee was involved in policy making while the management of the program was assigned to a separate and specialized institution. This was a feather in their cap because they were able to prevent the politicians in the country from meddling with management and the managers in the government were also unable to meddle when it came to policy making for the program. This was accomplished even though the states within the country were ill prepared to host a program of this magnitude. The program had to overcome such adversities as the fear of teachers that the students would know more than they did about technology, which, as everyone knows, is a given fact in our day and age. The teachers had to become comfortable with the idea that by using computers in class, the students will learn faster and will learn more but, the teachers still hold on to the power and authority that they traditionally had in the classroom. Since 2007 the program has deployed a total of 450,000 computers. These computers were distributed to various students from the first grade and all of primary school to the third grade of secondary school. In total, the computers were deployed to a total of 9 grades in public schools. Servers and connectivity were installed in over 2,500 schools and high schools. The man behind the program proudly announced that 99 % of students participating in their program had internet access in all their facilities with 40% not needing to walk more than 300 meters from where they live in order to have free Cibal in ternet access. Their current program includes transferring the ADSL programs of the schools to fiber optic for better bandwidth and applications. The company made sure that their network access would be publicly available in the most common places such as schools, hospitals, housing complexes and the poorest areas of Uruguay. The program has successfully trained 26 thousand teachers using portals and tv channels to further enhance the training that they received in their 4 year education courses. Total expenses per year for an average student in the program is $100. Included in that cost is the amount of maintenance for the computer, server, and other necessary components for the program. Amazingly, the total expenses on the program so far is less than 5% of the total education budget of the entire country. The results of the program are quite promising. First of all, Mr Brechner emphasized that the importance of the project could be measured in terms of it actually having been acco mplished. The program also had direct and indirect impacts. In numbers, he said that the program has 450.000 impacts, which is the equivalent of the number of students who are participating in the program. He claims that the expenses of the program were worthwhile because of the motivation that the children got to go to the school and study. By offering each student his own laptop, the student miss less classes and they do their work much more proficiently. The laptops brought education

Marketing mix and tool Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing mix and tool - Term Paper Example The secret of flourishing marketing is utilizing the suitable means to target the audience. Marketing the business is regarding how one positions it to satisfy the market’s requirements. There are four vital building blocks within marketing of products as well as business. These are known as the four P’s of marketing. Product. The appropriate product to go well with the needs of the target client. Price. The appropriate product sold on the appropriate price. Place. The appropriate product accessible easily on the appropriate price at the appropriate place so the customers can purchase it. Promotion. Updating prospective customers about the â€Å"availability of the product, its price and its place† (Tehrani, p. 154). All the four P’s are variable that one manages while forming the marketing mix that will create a centre of attention for potential customers. The marketing mix must be something that gets the complete attention because the accomplishment of b usiness relies on it. As a business executive, one should find out the way to apply these variables for attaining the profit prospective. Product Product means the commodities as well as services offered to the customers. Other than the physical merchandise, there are factors linked with the product that consumers may be paying attention to, for instance, it’s packaging. ... Successful executives keep a close eye on the needs their product bundles offer to consumers. The product bundle must go well with the requirements of a specific target market. For instance, a lavish product must generate simply the accurate image for consumers who posses everything, whereas a number of essential products are required to be positioned for price sensitive buyers. Some additional main features of product take account of a suitable product range, â€Å"design, warranties, or a brand name† (Tehrani, p. 241). Through study of consumer preferences is a most important component in creating a successful marketing mix. Understanding of target market as well as competitors will let businesses to present a product that will attract customers and circumvent expensive blunders. If a business is are thinking about launching a new product, then it should ensure that the product bundle will fit its strengths as well as weaknesses, and that it will offer a tolerable â€Å"ris k/return trade-off† (Tehrani, p. 278). Such as, if the business is extremely good in well-timed reaction to customers’ queries, then appropriate service must be a significant factor of the product bundle. One should think in long-term perspective regarding the venture by considering the ways by which product bundle can be intensify as well as expand, such as, one may be capable of taking benefit from prospects to ‘add value’ by â€Å"processing, packaging, and customer service† (Tehrani, p. 266). Other potential development may let business to present the product to various customers. New ventures are successful for the most part when they target their hard work on single product or single market, such as an eatery or an automobile service station does. Afterwards, development

Legal Abortion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 4

Legal Abortion - Essay Example Only the individual can disseminate the information and make their own decision based on what they believe to be right but everyone should know both sides on equal terms so as to make the decision that is right for them. This paper will first present the ‘right-to-life’ then follow with the ‘pro-choice’ argument. The right to choose is the foundation upon which this country was built. Those who are pro-abortion trumpet this slogan while proclaiming a woman’s ‘God given right’ to make her own choices without government interference. This simple ideology is embraced by some but the arguments are flawed when the realities of abortion are examined. Studies have shown that most women are coerced into committing this murderous act of a living human and that there is no such thing as safe abortions as many are led to believe. Pro-abortion proponents generally espouse that the rights of a non-living tissue that feels no pain are non-existent. This discussion exposes these untruths that have been reported and are widely perceived as facts. It also explains the framers’ intent for the legal and moral direction of American society when they drafted the Constitution, the document that defines the laws of the nation. There is little freedom of choice for women who are experiencing an unwanted pregnancy. The women themselves usually wish to bring their baby to full term. Other powerful influences in her life such as husbands/boyfriends, parents and friends are generally the forces that exact pressures on her to terminate the pregnancy. â€Å"Eight out of 10 women surveyed after abortion said they would have given birth if they’d had support and encouragement from family and friends† (Reardon, 2002). It’s the abortion that, in many cases, is unwanted by the woman, not the baby.

Television Is harming children Essay Example for Free

Television Is harming children Essay It is my belief that television has overstepped its boundaries. It is my belief that children are becoming desensitised towards violence. It is my belief that this is to stop. What if I was to tell you that there are, today, half as many art programmes as there were in 1992? What if I was to tell you that current affairs programmes have fallen by more than a third? The truth is that all television executives want to do is make money, they do not want to provide a service, and they do not want to make the world a better place. And the reason that these programmes do not make money is the change of our childrens cultures. They no longer want to watch a programme that is educational; they would rather watch meaningless rubbish that caters for the intellectually challenged. I know this because I am guilty of it. I would much rather watch the ninth series of friends than watch the news, and I would much rather watch the Simpsons than watch an art programme. Let me describe to you a period. In this time period television is useful; shows provide a public service whilst still maintaining good ratings. In this time television has a purpose, which it lacks in this modern time. This time was when television was first produced. Its maker intended it to inform the masses about day-to-day events and problems, but this ideal has spiralled out of control. Your children are becoming desensitised, not only to sex, regularly displayed before the watershed, but to violence as well. Children growing up will become young men, and these young men will copy what theyve seen on television. You all know what impressionable young children are capable of. It has happened recently; a trio of gangsters, barely twenty, gunned down two innocent girls at a New Year party as a result of gang warfare. These people have to get their ideals somewhere, and if they are not in a strong family they will look to other mediums for guidance, like television, like videogames, and they will think the things are idols do are alright. Let me tell you this is not the case! Just recently there has been a story running in Coronation Street of a murderer and a drug dealer, and in the final episode two people were graphically murdered with a crowbar! And this was at seven thirty, well before the watershed. We are in the year of the couch potato. 78 % of people under sixty in the United Kingdom watch more television than read books. And if this television is of the aforementioned quality then this disturbs me. What about the literary skills that will be wasted? TV Quiz shows such as the weakest link and Who wants to be a millionaire, which value, random factual knowledge over, deeper understanding are creating a generation of vacuous teenagers, according to a leading Headmaster. Dr Giles Mercer, head of Prior park College in Bath believes that unless teenagers are fed a more demanding diet by the media they will become cynical about politics and apathetic about voting. So television is actually harming your children. So think of the children brought up to watch soaps rather than read a good book, which provides entertainment whilst also benefiting the child involved. But as long as we are entertained, right? Wrong! Television has pushed its limits; certainly there have been some events worthy of recognition, but in the main the programmes shown are demolishing our morals, they are making us complacent about the world around us. Not many people could argue Jerry Springer has a positive impact on our nations youth. If we were to believe everything television told us then we would all be certain that bombing Iraq is the right thing to do. The remaining factual programmes are often biased and do not show the big picture, e.g. what about the refugees, what about the children, are they part of Saddams regime? There are people who believe, as I do, that television could be beneficial for us; Tess Alps, deputy chairman of the media agency writes, I believe that the recent dumbing down of programmes and relaxation of censorship is wrong. Television could be successful, and informative but Television chiefs just dont want to see it.

Perceptions of cultural distance

Perceptions of cultural distance An Evaluation of Close neighbours and distant friends-perceptions of cultural distance Introduction Due to managing across cultures happening in enterprises which operate in different countries and different regions, there must be a certain issue referred to as cultural distance. There is a paper on cultural distance (Chapman, et al., 2007) with a huge amount of research on how cultural distance influence the understanding amongst managers from Germany, the United Kingdom and Poland. The researchers divided the three nationalities into German/Polish, and UK/Polish as contrasts, and then they interviewed the members of the different nationalities separately to get empirical data. After the qualitative, interpretive analyzing, they combined the historical data and found that even though the Polish culture is remarkably different from the German and the British, Poland and the UK perceive themselves as close, whereas Poland perceives Germany as different (Chapman, et al., 2007). In this paper, I try to evaluate the research paper in three main parts; an examination of the theoretical framework, a discussion of research methods adopted, and an assessment of the wider implications (Sliwa, 2009). The researchers said in the end of paper that they hope their approach may help managers to manage across cultures. I think the efficient approach is to respect cultural differences and to try to narrow cultural distance. Theoretical Framework First of all, the researchers have analyzed Hofstedes works which are broadly cited in literature relating to international business and international management (Hofstede, 1991). They use cultural dimensions theory to divide the three countries, in order to compare and analyze them clearly and efficiently. However, they found that Hofstedes dimensions are simplications of the research. In my opinion, Hofstedes culture rankings of these three countries are too weak and inappropriate. The data collected by Hofstede trace back to thirty years ago, which is a little behind the times of today (Schneider and Barsoux, 2003). Even though his research involved more than 40 different countries, it was still restricted to one company (IBM), and the interviewees were almost managers, not normal employees. This made some people (especially in other multinational corporations) think that the research is not comprehensive and lacks from persuasion. After all, every large multinational company has its own corporate culture which would influence the results of managing in different cultures. Hofstedes research is a static research which does not refer to the analysis of cultural evaluation and influential aspects of cultural values. Secondly, the researchers adopt Shenkars (2001: 523-524) theory about four illusions of cultural distance to support the paper. Conventionally, people think that a German manager faces the same cultural distance with Polish colleagues in Germany as a Polish manager faces in Poland. This assumption caused by illusion of symmetry is not supported. We can also see that the differences of UK/Polish and differences of German/Polish are symmetrical, but more complex and subtle (Chapman, et al., 2007). The researchers mentioned the illusion of causality and cited that small cultural distances without anticipation could cause bigger problems than those large cultural distances with a forewarning. I agree that the mention and citation do not serve each other right. The illusion of causality is mainly about interpreting other non-cultural factors which influence the FDI pattern, sequence, and performance (Shankar, 2001: 524). Chapman et al (2007) creates a concept called the illusion of neutra lity. I think this is a brilliant idea. It is true that when the two countries (e.g. Germany and Poland) get evolved in political dispute or warfare, they can hardly treat each other neutrally. As a result, some small cultural differences matter. For other countries (e.g. the UK and Poland), who have no conflict of interests, they can ignore or tolerate the large cultural differences. But in relation to the illusion of stability, we can find that the cultural distance could not be constant. In other words, the neutral perceptions of cultural distance between the UK and Poland will change over time, as well as the intense perspectives of cultural distance between Germany and Poland. Last but not least, the researchers mainly focus on studying perception, and that is ethnographic in character (Chapman, et al., 2007). For that reason, the concept of psychic distance should be distinguished form cultural distance. When the managers from Germany, the UK, and Poland deal with each other, they always consciously or unconsciously believe in and depend on their own conceptions. The reasons are that they were taught what is right or wrong, what is responsible or responsible, what is altruistic or materialistic, etc. On this point, the indivisible relationship of our own culture makes us born with an ethnocentric tendency which results in psychic distance. Research approach The researchers used a qualitative, interpretive research strategy and focused on analyzing the managerial perceptions (Chapman, et al., 2007). In order to discover the opinions of German, British and Polish managers who participated in international business activities, the researchers adopted in-depth interviews to collect data. There were 63 face-to-face interviews, and the respondents were general managers from 12 companies in Germany, the UK and Poland. I think usage of the qualitative methodological approach to study this cultural distance topic is an appropriate way because it is more flexible. The open-ended questions gave these managers more opportunities to say in their own words their genuine feelings about working with their foreign colleagues. The researchers do not need to anticipate the answers, in that way, they have a chance to use probe (Family Health International, 2009) to encourage the respondents to elaborate on their answers. The transparency (Bryman and Bell, 2007: 424) of this qualitative research is satisfying. For instance, it tells us how the people were chosen for interviews, as well as the specific process of qualitative data analysis. To some extent, the problems of generalization limit the research. The two contrasts, three countries, twelve companies, 63 face-to-face interviews and unknown age, gender, religion belief, etc. are a bit restricted to represent other settings. Moreover, they employed a snowballing technique (Marschan, 1996), which might neglect some executives who are low-profile. As the authors said in the paper, they use Microsoft Word to deal with the long transcripts to organize themes. Sometimes they would inevitably add a few personal conceptions when they organize data. This would cause the research to become too subjective. Researchers Findings and Conclusions What the researchers have found mainly reveals that the cultural distance among Germany, the UK, and Poland is different on the individual managerial experience level. The relationship between Germany and Poland is close but tense, and the UK and Poland have a relative distant but easy relationship. Therefore, Chapman, et al. (2007) concludes that cultural distance is both created and interpreted by the perceivers, and the creation and interpretation are influenced by experience and history. I think the empirical evidence written in the paper does not reflect the tight relationship between German managers and Polish managers. The authors considered the influences of the war too much, and subjectively judge that the relationship between Germans and Polish is tense. Besides, the German managers are much more familiar with Polish managers, compared to the British and the Polish. It is interesting that the perceptions of German and British to Polish are quite similar in the fig.1 and fig . 3 (Chapman, et al., 2007). Their conclusion is a different angle to interpreting the cultural distance. I argue that the interviewee sample the researchers chose cannot be generalized to the other settings (Bryman and Bell, 2007: 423). The historical issues could have some impact on the interactions of individuals, but it should be added that historical problems have less influence on the younger generation. With the process of cultural globalisaion and integration of different cultures, cultural distance is reduced remarkably. Implications for individuals involved in cross-cultural management: As the researchers said in the article, they hoped international business managers because of certain historical circumstances could understand the unfriendliness of others, but not be hurt by it. It is true that the experiences of countries might influence ones attitude when he or she works with foreign colleagues. Therefore, when a person starts to deal with international business, it is important to understand cultural distance and the influence on behaviors caused by it. The influences will be prominent on the level of individual managerial practice. People always come across various kinds of problems at the time they work in different cultural contexts. It is because people have different world views and modes of thinking because different culture backgrounds. Due to the diversiform modes of thinking, peoples views of the problems are from different angles, the styles and methods of solutions are disparate, inevitably, the setbacks, conflicts, and projects failure are coming aft er each insists his own views (Holliday, Hyde, and Kullman, 2004). To avoid the unnecessary conflicts and misunderstandings, the international managers have to identify and appreciate the other members values and faith, and realize that cultural differences have influence on enterprises interior mechanism. Reference Chapman, M., Mattos, H.G., Clegg, J. and Buckley, P.J. (2007). Close neighbours and distant friends-perceptions of cultural distance. International Business Review, 17(2008), 217-237. Bryman, A. Bell, E. (2007). Business Research Methods 2nd Ed, New York: Oxford University Press. Family Health International. (2009). Qualitative Research Methods Overview. [Online] Available at: http://www.fhi.org/NR/rdonlyres/etl7vogszehu5s4stpzb3tyqlpp7rojv4waq37elpbyei3tgmc4ty6dunbccfzxtaj2rvbaubzmz4f/overview1.pdf [Accessed 13 Nov. 2009]. Sliwa, M. (2009). Managing Across Cultures. [Handout] September 2009 ed. Newcastle: Newcastle University. Hofestede, G. (1991). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind. London: McGrw-Hill. Schneider, S.C. and Barsoux, J. (2003). Managing Across Cultures. 2nd ed. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Shenkar, O. (2001). Cultural distance revisited: Towards a more rigorous conceptualization and measurement of cultural differences. Journal of International Business Studies, 32(3), 519-535 third quarter. Marschan, R. (1996). New structural forms and inter-unit communication in multinationals. The case of Kone elevators. Ph.D. Thesis. Helsinki: Helsinki School of Economics and Business Administration. Holliday, A., Hyde, M. and Kullman, J. (2004). Intercultural communication: An Advanced Resource Book. London: Routledge press.

Google.com Essay -- Technology, Vulnerabilities

Three famous real-world examples of first-order XSS vulnerabilities were discovered in Google.com [36], CBS News [37] and in ATutor [38]. In 2005 Google.com website had XSS vulnerabilities that allowed attackers to impersonate legitimate subscribers of Google’s services. Then, in 2006 CBS News published an official announcement claiming that President Bush appointed a nine-year old boy to be the chairperson of the InfoSec Department. This was obviously a fake news. Recently, an XSS vulnerability was discovered in ATutor that allowed scripts to be injected into nearly every URL request parameter that eventually resulted in the result page to include the malicious scripts. 2.5.2 Stored XSS Stored XSS (aka Persistent or Type 2 or Second-Order) [32, 34, 35] occurs when a vulnerable Web application accepts malicious code, stores it and later distributes it in response to a separate HTTP request. In contrast to reflected XSS, Type 2 XSS rather than getting immediately reflected to the user, the attack payload is stored (in a database or in file system) and displayed to end-users in...

microwave oven :: essays research papers

It is late in the evening and you are â€Å"vegging out† in front of the TV. The program you are watching takes a commercial break. The commercial is advertising the most delicious-looking plate of Mexican food you have ever seen. You soon conclude that you have a craving for Mexican food. You realize that it is late and the only restaurant that serves Mexican food this late is Taco Bell (which is all the way across town). So what do you do? Well, I will tell you. You go to your fridge and grab a frozen burrito out of the freezer. Place the burrito on a paper plate and pop it in the microwave. â€Å"Cook for one and a half minutes on each side and let stand for a couple of minutes.† Vuala! Your hunger has been satisfied!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I have set up this scenario for you to show you how much the inventor of the microwave oven is unappreciated. This person is a genius. This invention is extremely convenient, portable, and easy to use.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First, I would like to mention how convenient this item is. Before the microwave, one would have to go through a series of strenuous step in or to cook a meal. First, you have to preheat the conventional oven (which takes approximately 15-20 minutes). Second, open the inferno door, making sure not to get too close or else you will burn your eyebrows and eyelashes off your face. Next, place the food item onto the racks of the abyss. After that, you have to wait 30-45 minutes until the food has cooked. (This whole time your house is becoming a sweltering netherworld.) You take the food out of the oven and sit down to eat (constantly wiping the sweat from your face). These vigorous steps were brilliantly eliminated due to the invention of the microwave oven. This machine causes no heat, no singed facial hair, and more importantly, takes about one-tenth the amount of time compared to the conventional oven.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Second, I would like to discuss this gadget’s portability. The college you have chosen to attend is several hours away from home. So, without Mom’s home-cooked meals you must rely on this appliance. It would be extremely difficult to stuff a conventional oven in your dorm room. Instead, the microwave oven sits compactly in the corner. You can take it anywhere. (Where there is electricity, that is.

The Hound of the Baskervilles by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle :: English Literature

The Hound of the Baskervilles by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Examine how Conan Doyle establishes the setting for the novel in the opening four chapters. How effective do you consider this to be? â€Å"The Hound of the Baskervilles† was written in 1902 when the detective genre had been established in England for around 50 years, by authors such as Wilkie Collins and James Anderson who published â€Å"Murder She Wrote†. Arthur Conan Doyle contributed to the development of this genre by creating Sherlock Holmes & Dr.Watson in a range of popular short stories released in magazines. He was one of the most significant, influential authors to this genre as he created the most famous detective, in fiction, in Sherlock Holmes. Sherlock Holmes was first introduced in â€Å"A Study in Scarlet† which was published in 1887; this won a lot of success and meant that Holmes featured as a main character in future stories and novels written by Doyle. Doyle, born in Edinburgh, Scotland began practicing medicine in 1882; his knowledge from his education comes through in his writing and there are many references to scientific sources. This gave his writing a new dimension and was new for readers at the time which perhaps even contributing to the popularity of his writing. In â€Å"The Hound of the Baskervilles† Doyle establishes the setting through five main aspects. These are a sense of time, places, genre, the plot and characters. An important aspect of the setting is how Doyle presents the main characters, their relationships and personalities. Doyle introduces 4 of the main characters in the opening chapters and begins to establish their relationships most noticeably between Holmes and Watson. The main characters are Holmes, Watson, Dr. Mortimer, the Baskerville family and of course the hound itself. These different characters are introduced in different chapters through different methods. This is for a number of reasons; to differentiate them, to let each of them have a different impact in the novel and because of the tradition from previous stories containing some of the characters. Holmes and Watson are not described in great detail but introduced in the opening chapters through their dialogue. Doyle did this as he didn’t need to introduce them in more depth as they had already been well established to the readers through other short stories in which they appeared before â€Å"The Hound of the Baskervilles†. Readers at the time already had a sense of their personalities and physical features through their earlier introductions. Holmes and Watson have a strong relationship in the novel which is shown by the way they talk to each other, their actions and the way they both try to solve the crime.

The Role of America at the End of World War II

The role of America at the end of World War II was where the origins of policing the world originate. America had been engaged in a very costly war in terms of dollars as well as lives. But, despite the expense the United States came out of World War II better than any other nation that was involved. The Second World War was a battle between the Allied and Axis Powers. The Allied Powers consisted of the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, China, and France. This war was seen as the fight against Nazi Germany, and therefore resulted in a majority of the battles fought on German and Russian soil. The aftermath left the Soviet Union in bad shape. Close to twenty million Russians had died fighting the war, which accounted for about eight percent of their population. Conversely, none of the fighting was done on American soil, and while the United States suffered in terms of casualties it was nothing compared to the loss Russia had endured. Because the war would not end ! until the Axis Powers fully surrendered to the Allied Powers, the United States was forced to use the first atomic warfare in history. The atom bomb would later serve as America's greatest possession. Stalin, the Premier of the Soviet Union had always distrusted the American and English intentions. Because of Stalin's aggression and attitude pertaining to Soviet influence on Europe, the postwar stance on Russia had turned into a standoff. This became the origin of the Cold War. The Cold War, seen as a battle between communism and capitalism, was â€Å"in reality a more complex struggle over a broad range of ideological, economic, and strategic issues. † (Henretta, 868) Over the next several years the United States would spend more money on military and defense than ever before. Several measures were taken to ensure that the same mistakes at the end of World War I would not be repeated. The first in a series of measures was a postwar conference involving President Truman and the Soviet Foreign Minister, V. M. Molokov, where Truman controlled the entire meeting and basically scolded the Soviet's for not honoring agreements on Poland. Truman â€Å"told the Russians just where the got off and generally bossed the whole meeting. † (Henretta, p. 869) This symbolized America's strong-arm stance against communism and signified the position we would hold throughout the Cold War. The next step in Truman's agenda was to work with Congress to pass the National Security Act of 1947, which was designed to strengthen defense operations. This act created a single Department of Defense, and created the Central Intelligence Agency, or CIA. These two new agencies acted as the first step in atomic warfare management. Continuing to act as police of the world and leader of capitalism, Truman drafted the Marshall Plan. The Marshall Plan, which complemented the Truman Doctrine, â€Å"was a program of large scale economic and military aid to Europe. † (Heretta, p. 71) Considered by some, this was the most â€Å"innovative piece of foreign policy in American History. Where over the next four years the United States contributed over $12 billion to a highly successful recovery effort. † (Heretta, p. 874) The Soviet Union stilled commanded a blockade on highway, rail, and river traffic to West Berlin. As a result, the United States responded by entering into a peacetime military alliance; this being the first time since the American Revolution. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) a project costing $1. 3 billion, enabled the basing of all four United States Army divisions into Western Europe. Twelve nations agreed to sign this pact that stated â€Å"an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all. † (Henretta, p. 875) Consequently, a few months later, Stalin â€Å"lifted the blockade which had made the city a symbol of resistance to communism. † (Henretta, p. 875) Between the creation of NATO, the National Security Act and CIA, and the Marshall Plan, America was dictating their position with Russia and communism. These measures made it possible for Americans to become more comfortable with the Cold War. While all of these governmental policies were being put into action, Americans were settling back into the ideology of family and free enterprise. The post-war period became one of the most exciting in American history. With the rising economy and feeling of consumerism, Americans were rebounding from their efforts in World War II. Capitalism was on the rise and the â€Å"Apple Pie† portrait of middle class suburban families was shaping the country. America was now the wealthiest country in the world and Americans had â€Å"accumulated savings of $140 billion† in 1945. Over the next two decades the gross national product more than tripled,† (Henretta, p. 904) signifying prosperity. Between 1945 and 1960, the gross national product would grow from $213 billion to more than $500 billion, while real income would rise 25 percent. Included in these figures was the percent of American families owning homes, which grew from 43 percent to over 60 percent in this same time period; this created the suburban explosion. This suburban lifestyle was intended to symbolize the superiority of capitalism over communism and imply that the American way of life would win the Cold War. (Henretta, p. 903) Americans were again beginning to see the capitalist society they fought for, and the confidence level of the country continued to rise throughout the 1960's. The people cannot create a great nation themselves; great leaders must direct them. Besides the three Presidents who led America throughout the end of World War II and through the Cold War, there were many influential voices that helped to shape the views of the public. Among these influential people was a man named George F. Kennan. He was a member of the United States embassy to the Soviet Union and author of the â€Å"long telegram† which was sent to the heads of state in Washington D. C. In his telegram, Kennan described the Soviets as insecure, inferior, and less advanced than Americans. â€Å"As Russia came into contact with the economically advanced West, fear of more competent, more powerful, more highly organized societies,† (Gorn, p. 229) was the general message Kennan was trying to get across. Because he saw the country from the inside Kennan also believed the United Sates should † pursue a policy of firm containment†¦ t every point where the Soviets show signs of encroaching upon the interest of a peaceful and stable world. † (Henretta, p. 870) This opinion and idea of the relationship between the United States and Russia should have been widely accepted by Americans. They backed this idea of aggressive behavior, rather than a passive approach to the Cold War. Conversely, postwar liberal such as Henry Wallace, â€Å"a Progressive Party leader, continued to seek cooperation with the Soviet Union and defended the participation of Communists in their organizations. (Henretta, p. 885) These ideals were quickly silenced. The American majority, being extremely anti-communist, felt relations with the Soviet Union should be harsh and firm. This period introduced American dominance in foreign policy. The ideals of personal freedom and opportunity were the driving forces behind Western philosophy throughout the Cold War. Not only were these principles showcased, they were set as the benchmark of equality for the human race.

Life vs. Death Penalty

The death penalty has been one of the most debated topics in America for years. It holds the same level of importance in politics as abortion or gun control because it is such a controversial subject. The stance that I currently hold with this debate is closer towards life in prison. Not because I don't fully believe that someone who kills a lot of people or does Just horrible acts should 100% be punished and possibly killed themselves, but because I find more benefits towards keeping someone in Jail for life. For example, the cost to keep someone in Jail is a lot cheaper than it is to kill them.A study in 2011 showed that it cost California more than $4 billion dollars to do executions since 1978. $1. 94 billion went towards the trails, $925 million towards Automatic Appeals and State Habeas Corpus Petitions, $775 million towards Federal Habeas Corpus Appeals, and $1 billion went towards Costs of Incarceration. And we can't forget how much it costs to pay for the security guards who look over these inmates. The total cost to pay these security guards a year comes up to $90,000 PER INMATE a year. It's also been said that the death penalty trails are 20 times more expensive than a trail for imprisonment without parole.If the Governor of California sentenced the inmates that are on death row to life in prison he could save almost $170 million a year! The Executive of the DPIC stated, â€Å"The death penalty in the U. S. is an enormously expensive and wasteful program with no clear benefits. All of the studies on the cost of capital punishment conclude it is much more expensive than a system with life sentences as the maximum penalty. In a time of painful budget utbacks, states are pouring money into a system that results in a declining number of death sentences and executions that are almost exclusively carried out in Just one area of the country.As many states face further deficits, it is an appropriate time to consider whether maintaining the costly death pena lty system is being smart on crime. † Another reason that life in Jail is a better punishment is because it is an actual effective punishment. There is nothing that shows that the death penalty has been effective in lowering crimes. To be in a prison cell for your entire life with nothing to o but think, sit, sleep, eat, and maybe a recreational activity or two, that is actually worse than death.Being in prison sends some people crazy or can possibly change them completely, which I believe is a way better punishment because they are forced to live with the crime that they committed. Death would be an easy and quick way out. Granted, the death row inmates are doing nothing but sitting, thinking, and waiting. That is what they are doing, waiting. They are waiting for the end, because they, unlike the other inmates, have an end. And honestly how is that fair, we for hatever reason think that if we kill them that will teach them and others like them to never commit the bad acts ag ain, when in fact we are making it simple for them.The DPIC executive said, â€Å"The nation's police chiefs rank the death penalty last in their priorities for effective crime reduction. The officers do not believe the death penalty acts as a deterrent to murder, and they rate it as one of most inefficient uses ot taxpayer dollars in tgnting crime. Criminologists concur that the death penalty does not effectively reduce the number of murders. † The death sentence is absolute, here is no reversing it so if we execute someone and more evidence comes up that later proves someone innocent, we can't take back the execution. 40 people were wrongly executed since 1973. The most common reason for people wrongfully being charged with the death penalty are false confessions, witness errors, government misconduct, faulty science, bad lawyers or snitch testimonies. Also believe it or not but race does play a factor in whether or not someone can receive the death penalty vs. life in pris on. Just about 68% of inmates that are on death row are non-whites. We simply cannot say we live in a country that offers equal Justice to all Americans when racial disparities plague the system by which our society imposes the ultimate punishment. Senator Russ Feingold, 2003. In 1990, a report from the General Accounting Office said that 82% of the cases that were reviewed showed that if the criminal killed a white person they were more likely to be sent to death row than if they killed another minority. There are currently 1,822 minority inmates on death row and there has been approximately 394 minorities executed since 1976, comparing his to the 1,475 white death row inmates and the 643 that have been executed.Something interesting is the death rate by homicide in California varies sole by race. African Americans are six times more likely to be murdered than whites in California. While 27. 6% of murder victims are white, 80% of executions in California have been for those convict ed of killing whites. Lastly, the death penalty is Just morally wrong. How do we as a country Justify that someone is being punished for murder or something of that sort and to correct/ punish this behavior we execute them. That is o backwards.America is a country that frowns upon other countries who don't value life but we don't really know how to back up that thinking because we are a country who grew up knowing to fix problems with violence. After George W. Bush stated in the 2000 presidential elections, â€Å"l don't think you should support the death penalty to seek revenge. I don't think that's right. I think the reason to support the death penalty is because it saves other people's lives† Family guy retaliated with, â€Å"l support the death penalty to teach people killing is wrong† Brian on Family Guy.When you think bout it, how does killing the inmate keep us any safer than Just keeping them in Jail forever? At the end of the day no one is being harmed, and ev eryone who is outside of prison is safe. The families of the victims can have peace of mind that they know the person will rot in prison and everyone else no longer has to even wonder if that person will come for them next. It's a win win situation. Until someone comes up with a plan that is more cost effective, humane, and still effectively punishes people for crimes the same or better than life in prison does, that seems to be the best way to handle criminals.

Definition Of Friendship Example Essay Essay

Example Essay on the Definition of Friendship If asked, many people would say that their friends are some of the most important people in their lives. However, sometimes it is hard to recognize the value of a friend and see exactly how much they do for us and make our lives better. Charles Caleb Colton once said, â€Å"True friendship is like sound health; the value of it is seldom known until it is lost.† Colton points out the high value of a good friend, but more importantly he suggests that friendship itself is ambiguous and hard to define: something that can be taken for granted and go unnoticed until it is gone. If you asked those same people to define their friendships, you would probably receive a wide variety of answers, with some common threads. For most people, friends are people who know you inside and out, can tell you things that you cannot tell yourself, and most importantly, they support and care for you even in the roughest times of your life. True friends are those people from whom you never want to be apart, who know you so well that they can practically read your thoughts. Growing up, there was a girl named Anita who lived a couple streets down from me, and we had that kind of friendship. We could spend the entire day together, talking, playing softball, and simply enjoying hanging out with each other. After such a full day, we could then go home and call each other, because we still  had more to say. We told each other our deepest, darkest secrets, and it was okay, because we understood each other. True friendship simply cannot last without building this type of affection and trust. However, friendship is not always so bright and happy. Sometimes, the most important thing that a friend can do for you is to make you see things that you don’t want to see, even if it means risking your anger. For example, in the movie The Wedding Singer, Adam Sandler’s character, Robbie Hart becomes a good friend to a waitress, Julia, helping her to plan her wedding. However, when Robbie finds out that Julia’s fiancà © is a creep who is cheating on her, he decides that he needs to tell her and stop her from making a really poor life decision. Even though he knows that Julia will be extremely hurt by this knowledge, Robbie knows that she will be much better off by knowing the truth. Robbie is an example of a great friend because he refused to let her make such a bad decision, even if it meant risking his own friendship with her. While taking a stand and refusing to let you make decisions is indeed an important part of being a good friend, friendship isn’t always quite so dramatic. Simply by being there, caring and supporting you no matter what, friends can show you just how important you are to them. My friend, Sharon, showed me the depth of our friendship when she refused to let me push her away. When I was a freshman in high school, my grandfather became very ill with cancer and died in January. It was an extremely hard time in my life, and rather than deal with the pain, I began shutting down, not talking to any one. I lost a lot of friends that year, but Sharon refused to leave. She would come over to my house everyday simply to listen when I felt like talking and to give me a hug when I didn’t. On the night that my grandfather died, I called Sharon, weeping uncontrollably, and asked her to talk to me about anything so that I could take my mind off of the situation. I am not sure that I would have made it through my grandfather’s death without the love and support that I received from my friend Sharon. Beautiful, dangerous, and heart-wrenching, friendship is not something that can be easily defined. It is something that must be seen, lived, and  experienced.. Poets can write about it, musicians and sing about it, but until you make a true friend, and become one in return, the definition of friendship will always be a bit slippery and hard to hold onto. From my experience, this much I know is true: friends are those people who love you for who you are, and who you want to be. They know your deepest secrets and understand because they have the same secrets. They are not afraid to tell you the truth when you really need to hear it, and most importantly, they will always be there for you. Albert Schweitzer once said â€Å"Sometimes our light goes out but is blown into flame by another human being. Each of us owes deepest thanks to those who have rekindled this light.† So, to my friends who have rekindled my light, I thank you. Example Essay Questions: These questions will help you to look for the things that make essays really excellent. Read the essay on the backside of this sheet and then do the following things: (1) Circle the attention grabber. (2) Find and highlight the thesis. (3) Find and highlight topic sentence of each support paragraph. (4) Find and highlight the concluding sentence of each support paragraph. (5) List the main idea of each support paragraph. Support paragraph 1 – Support paragraph 2 – Support paragraph 3 – (6) Underline the transition between each of the support paragraphs. (It may be the same as the as the topic sentence or it may come before the topic sentence.) (7) Looking at how the author transitions from one body paragraph to the  next, explain why he or she organized his or her ideas in this order. In other words, how does the main idea of each support paragraph lead to or relate to the main idea of the next paragraph? (8) Circle transition words within paragraphs. (9) Circle the essay’s concluding thought. Is it a quote, thought provoking question, or dramatic statement? (10) What is one specific thing about this essay that you want to try in your own writing? Use examples. (Do NOT just say: â€Å"I like the attention grabber!† Instead, say, â€Å"I like how the author uses marriage vows as an attention grabber because everyone is familiar with marriage vows and readers will be intrigued to find out how the essay will relate marriage and loyalty. It also connects to the third support paragraph!)

Iqbal as a Politician Essay

INTRODUCTION: One of the greatest political figure of modern Asia has remarked about Iqbal: â€Å"Although a great poet and philosopher, He was no less a practical politician. With his firm conviction and faith in the ideals of Islam, he was one of the few who originally thought over the feasibility of carving out of India an Islamic State in the North-West and North-East Zones which are historical home-lands of the Muslims.† Iqbal is generally known as a great poet and philosopher but he was also an active politician. He fought bravely not only against the ruling power and majority community but also against the Muslim reactionary politicians. M.Iqbal was born on 9th November 1877 at Sialkot . His father, Sheikh Noor Muhammad belonged to a Kashmiri family was very devoted Muslim and had deep affection with Islam. His mother was a wise but not an educated woman. When Iqbal was about four years old he was admitted to the Maktab of Maulana Ghulam Murtaza to learn Quran . In Sialkot he was very lucky to have Mir Hassan as his teacher. He was a great scholar, who recognised Iqbal’s capabilities and encouraged him in every possible way. Iqbal completed his matriculation in 1893 from scotch mission collage. He finally moved to Lahore to do his graduation from the GC university which was the best  university in Punjab. He completed his graduation in 1897. He decided to do Masters in Philosophy. He received his masters degree in philosophy in 1899 . He went to study at Cambridge University where he choose to specialise in philosophy. Professor Arnold advised to submit his thesis in Germany to get Doctoral degree. The Heidelberg University awarded him the degree of Ph.D. on 4th November 1907 and the thesis was published in 1908 from London. IQBAL AND THE ISLAMIC STATE: Iqbal reflects both Western and Islamic influences in his education and experiences. Iqbal’s writing,spurred by his deep concern for the crises of Islam in contemporary society. For Muslims, Islam is his community, his nation in which he will attain his true individuality. The Islamic society is based upon common belief..Iqbal stressed that in order to practice economic and social system of Islam, you need to have a state. He provided the theoretical framework. Iqbal in his letter to M.Ali Jinnah, He stressed upon the Islamic laws as fundamental to the survival of Islam. Iqbal says in his letter of 20th June, 1933: â€Å"You may rest assured that I am not interested in politics as such. It was my interest in Islam as a moral polity that drove me to politics†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  He further said in the same letter that:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"It was my duty to step forward and to place before the younger generation the real meaning of our ideals†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  During 1905 to 1908 Iqbal was started talking about ‘Tauheed’ that if you want the binding force you have to follow the concept of ‘Tauheed’. If deen is lost every thing is lost. We should break the concept of colour, cast, creed and other things. For exciting a movement amongst the Muslim scholars Iqbal suggested four basic approaches: Quran, Hadith, Ijma and Qiyas. Iqbal also observed that â€Å"It is Islam which has come to rescue the Muslims and not vice versa.† IQBAL’S CONCEPT OF NATIONALISM: The problem of nationalism attracted much of his attention throughout his life. In his initial stage of poetry he was in favour of Indian nationalism.In many poems he wrote that India was his motherland and it was superior to other countries. But at the same time he was stressing that  religion does not preach hatred.(mazhab nahin sikhata apas mein bair rakhna) and everybody who living in India was an Indian and India was his homeland (hindi hain ham watan hai hindustan hamara) He wrote ‘Tarana-e-Hind'(Ø ªÃ˜ ±Ã˜ §Ã™â€ Ã›â€š Û Ã™â€ Ã˜ ¯Ã›Å'). Ø ³Ã˜ §Ã˜ ±Ã›â€™ Ø ¬Ã› Ã˜ §Ãš º Ø ³Ã›â€™ Ø §Ãšâ€ Ãš ¾Ã˜ §Ãš ¾Ã™â€ Ã˜ ¯Ã™Ë†Ã˜ ³Ã˜ ªÃ˜ §Ãš º Û Ã™â€¦Ã˜ §Ã˜ ±Ã˜ § In which he said that you need to love every thing available in your country.Unity of humanity started developing when Iqbal went abroad. He started understand the hollowness of Europe. He believed that territorial nationalism is actually created more problems then solving it.He was bringing up with new ideas For the first time he used the term ‘Qaum'(قوم ) for Muslim ummah. Then he started talking about ‘Millat’. When he talked about Islamic culture he was not only concern with Hindustan but also for the whole Islamic civilization. He was credited to bring alternative concept of ‘Universal Nationalism’. Iqbal said that individual should merge in millat. He wrote Tarana-e-Milli ( Ø ªÃ˜ ±Ã˜ §Ã™â€ Ã›â€š ملÛÅ' ). Cheen-o-Arab Humara, Hindustan Humara Muslim Hain Hum, Watan Hai Sara Jahan Humara†¦ In a letter to Professor R.A.Nicholson Iqbal explained his point of view on this matter that: â€Å"Since I find that the idea of nationality based on race or territory is making headway in the world of Islam, and since I fear that the Muslims, losing right of their own ideal of universal humanity, are being lured by the idea of a territorial nationality. I feel it is my duty as a Muslim and a lover of all mankind, to remind them of their true function in the evolution of mankind†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.† IQBAL AND POLITICS: Iqbal did not take active part in the politics for a long time. During this period he was busy in creating political consciousness among his people.Iqbal used poetry as a tool to give his concepts.Poetry is not his first priority.When he realised that now its the time to do something practical. Than he did not hesitate even for a single moment. He was urging Muslim to take active part in politics. He supported the Khilafat movement but did not indulge practicality believed that Muslims in different countries of the world should unite but concentrate on national movements.  He had fate on his own culture and tradition. He was asking the elite to talk about the time when Muslims were at peak. He was also asking the intelligentsia and politicians to talk about the glory of Muslim past and also about the reasons which caused their downfall. He was interested in political advancement and safeguarding the rights of Muslims for preserving their separate identity. In May 1908, when Muslim League was formed in London Iqbal was elected as a member of the committee. He drafted constitution for this league. He came back to India in August 1908. There was already a Muslim League in India. During 1913 to 1923 he was not very active in politics. This was the time when Iqbal was busy developing his philosphy and writing his epoch-making poems Asrar-i-khudi, Rumuz-i-Bekhudi, Khizr-i-Rah and Tulu-i-Islam etc. During the last years of his life, Iqbal had such a busy political life that it is not possible to describe all of his political activities in this short assignment. Hence some of his work mentioned in a brief sketch. MEMBER OF PUNJAB LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY: It was in 1923 that Iqbal was persuaded by certain friends to stand for election to the Punjab legislative council, and he was quite willing to do so. But his friend Mian Abdul Aziz also wanted to stand for this election. Finally he stood for elections to the council in 1926, and was elected by an overwhelming majority. He took great interest in the work of the council and he made important contribution in it. He delivered many speeches on the budget of the Punjab. He also discussed other subjects in the council. He had a great love and sympathy for the poor. Iqbal moved some very good resolutions in the legislative council. Iqbal put great fight for the revision of land taxes. He said in one of his speech that: â€Å"In case the money is remitted we should apply it towards the reduction of taxes. We should apply the principle of progression to land revenue†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦In the case of income-tax the principle of ability or the  principle of progression is applied, that is to say, there is graduated scale and some people do not pay income-tax at all. My submission, therefore is that the council should consider the question of the reduction of taxes in the light of this principle†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.† He moved a resolution to discourage drinking. He was a great friend of peasants and he moved resolutions in favour of them. But when asked to stand for the next election, he said: â€Å"People go to council to grind their own axes. I have no axe to grind.† ALLAHABAD SESSION: IN 1928 M.Iqbal was elected secretary of the Shafi branch of the Muslim league .In the same year he was appeared before the Simon Commission as a witness. In 1929 he attended the Muslim Conference held in Delhi. He was elected as the president of All India Muslim League in 1930. In the same year he presided the annual session of the All India Muslim League held at Allahabad. He delivered a presidential speech, which was known as Allahabad address. In this speech he said that: â€Å"Do not think that the problem i am indicating is a purely theoretical one. It is very living and practical problem calculated to affect the very fabric of Islam as a system of life and conduct†¦..† He further said in the same speech that: â€Å"Redistribution of British India calculated to secure a permanent solution of the communal problem is ignored, then I support as emphatically as possible, the Muslim demands repeatedly urged by the All India Muslim League and All India Muslim Conference. The Muslims of India can’t agree to any constitutional changes which affect their majority rights.† In this speech Iqbal was the first to suggest a separate homeland for the Muslims on the plateform of Muslim League. The scheme suggested by others had not attracted any attention at all, But the one put forward by Iqbal attracted worldwide attention for the first time. The words of Iqbal which took much attention in this speech was that: I would like to see the Punjab, North-West Frontier Province, Sind and Baluchistan amalgamated into a single State. Self-government within in the  British Empire, or without the British Empire, the formation of consolidated North-West Indian Muslim State appears to me to be the final destiny of the Muslims, at least of North-West India.† The whole address was thought provoking and it called the Muslims to get united and prepare themselves for the struggle to achieve freedom. On this occasion he was convinced that the only solution for the Muslims to survive in India was to have a homeland. ROUND TABLE CONFERNCES: British government sent a commission under Sir John Simon to introduce constitutional reforms in Indian sub-continent. The Simon commission finished its work in 1929 and submitted its report in the middle of 1930 to the British government. There were huge agitations against these reforms then the viceroy announced that the British government proposed to call Round Table Conference in London. Iqbal did not attend the first Round Table Conference because he was not invited to attend this conference. Iqbal attended the second Round Table Conference. Which was also attended by Mr.Gandhi there were formed two commissions. In this conference no result could be found, So the delegation wrote a letter to British Prime Minister to give an award. The Prime Minister gave the award in 1932. Iqbal issued a statement before announcing the award that : â€Å"I honestly believe that no community has a more genuine grievance against the decision than the Muslims. Indeed, I can’t explain to myself as to how the British conscience has tolerated the injustice.† Third Round Table Conference was held in 1932, in which Iqbal stressed the need for provincial autonomy because autonomy gave the Muslim majority provinces power to safeguard their their rights, cultural traditions and religion. Under the central government the Muslims were bound to lose their cultural and religious identity at the hands of overwhelming Hindu majority. IQBAL, THE VISIONARY, JINNAH, THE TECHNICIAN AND PAKISTAN THE REALITY: Iqbal dreamed of Muslim autonomy to be carried out in the Muslim majority areas of the Indian sub-continent. In a meeting with Jinnah, he did not use  the term ‘two nation’ but ‘nation’. Iqbal selected Jinnah to lead the Muslims. In a letter to Jinnah he wrote that: â€Å"You are the only Muslim in India today to whom the community has a right to look up for safe guidance through the storm which is coming to North-West India, and perhaps to the whole of India.†Ã‚  In his historical Allahabad Address, Iqbal visualised an independent sovereign state for the Muslims of North-West India. As Iqbal selected Jinnah to lead the Muslims and Jinnah articulated the case of separate homeland for Pakistan so brilliantly that even the Hindus and British could not stand in his way and gave way for the creation of Pakistan. Jinnah as a brilliant lawyer and politician, his sense of practical and achievable set him quite apart from the visionary Iqbal. Thus Pakistan became as a reality because of their endeavours. A writer has remarked that: â€Å"But in the midst of all darkness there shone a flickering light in Lahore. And this was Iqbal who stood steadfast by Jinnah in those trying days and helped him to charter the course of Indo-Muslim politics.† CONCLUSION: Iqbal died in 1938, but he was successfully converted Jinnah, from ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity to a communal Muslim leader. Till the end he gave advices to M.Ali Jinnah in political matters through his letters. Later Jinnah adopted a resolution for Pakistan movement in Lahore session of the Muslim League in 1940. After the Lahore resolution was passed in Lahore session on 24th March 1940, Quaid-i-Azam said: â€Å"Iqbal is no more amongst us, but had he been alive he would have been happy to know that we did exactly what he wanted us to do.† His politics can be judge from the following message of Mr.Jinnah: â€Å"To me he was a friend, guide, philosopher and during the darkest moments through which the Muslim league had to go, he stood like a rock, and never flinched one single moment.† I would like to finish my assignment with the quote of M.Iqbal: â€Å"True political life begins not with the claiming of rights, but with the doing of duties.† BIBLIOGRAPHY Ahmad, S.Hassan.1979. Iqbal, his political ideas as crossroads Aligarh: Printwell publications. Chaghatai, M.Ikram.2003.Iqbal New Dimensions:a collection of unpublished and rare Iqbalian Studies Lahore: Sang-e-Meel publications. Iqbal, Javed.1961,Stray Reflections(A notebook of Allama Iqbal) Lahore:Ghulam Ali publications. Iqbal, Javed.1956.Dr Iqbal Lahore:Maktaba-i-Adam educational publication. Jeoffery,V.H.2003.Iqbal’s Vision and Pakistan today thoughts and facts Karachi:Royal book company. Sherwani,Latif Ahmed.1977.Speeches,Writings and Statements of Iqbal Lahore:Iqbal academy Pakistan. Shamloo.1945.Speeches and Statements of Iqbal Lahore:Pakistan printing press. Sultana,Kishwar.1998.Allama Muhammad Iqbal as a politician(1926-1938) Islamabad:National book foundation. Vahid,S.A.1974.Glimpses of Iqbal Karachi:Iqbal academy Pakistan. Wahid,Syed Abdul.1976.Studies In Iqbal Lahore:Muhammad Ashraf press.

Businnes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Businnes - Essay Example It is the case that only approximately 10% of the population of the UAE can trace their lineage back to the original inhabitants of the land, and the influx of a significant number of foreigners has in a way represented a kind of dilution of culture. However the economic crisis has seen a large number of foreigners return to their home countries which in a way has caused the nation to reevaluate their own national identity. Coincidentally, right at the beginning of the financial crisis the nation opened their doors to the Cultural and Scientific Association, which is devoted to the promoting of Emirati culture. From this perspective, one could argue that with the outflow of foreigners would not necessarily have a culturally negative or positive effect, rather it may prompt discussions as to how the Emirates view their culture and how to preserve their culture. With this in mind one must question how originally, the influx of foreigners had affected the culture of the UAE. Without question, if approximately 90% of the population coming from foreign nations there would ultimately be an effect on the cultures and traditions of the UAE. Many things are influenced by the influx of foreigners such as the clothing that people wear, the food that people eat and the pastimes that people partake in. In the case of sport, there are a significant number of cricket players owing to the large influx of nationals from Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and India. According to Nayar (2011) there is a significant quantity of cricketing clubs that are training to learn a Sri Lankan style of bowling. What is interesting from this point is that Cricket is not a sport that is traditionally played in the UAE, moreover adopting a Sri Lankan style of bowling is a testament to the globalization of sport. From the arts perspective, Abu Dhabi will be home to the Middle Eastern c ontingent of the Louvre (Which will showcase a number of foreign pieces). Without

Company Innovation Process Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Company Innovation Process - Case Study Example Motorola Inc has always strived to be a company which, to a great extent, succeeded in bringing these new products steadily and quickly to the market. Motorola has global customer sectors which trust the company for its innovative attempts to bring out the best of software enhanced wireless phones, two way radios and Internet access products. Lately, due to the cut throat competition in the industry, Motorola, for some reasons, has been pushed back to reconsider and strengthen the innovation process of the organization to keep up the consistency of its performance as a world class producers of electronic communication devices. Analyzing the situation as the president of Motorola the need of an aggressive innovation process is strikingly inevitable. The development step in the existing process seems to be inadequate for today's need of the industry to deliver timely results in the existing and growing market. Developing, in fact, could be bringing the idea in the paper defined comprehensively into a solid reality. Though, the regular innovation process in Motorola involves five steps such as inventing, developing, diffusing, integrating and monitoring. The ideas that are worth developing into a successful commercialization seem to be the failure in the innovation process. ... dically increase the chances of success for any manufacturer and thus, the best performance will depend significantly on a defined innovation process (Griffin 429-458). So the successful innovation will require a series of tasks and decision points. Developing is a significant step once the idea is conceived; there is an essential task of turning this idea into a profitable concept. An Idea will only be thought in the mind or expressed; this most of the time comes out of a creative mind representing a new product, service or remedy. The first in the series of developing would be creating a visible concept of this idea comprehensively written down on the paper. It gives a solid foundation on which the further development becomes viable. All the economical financial and schedule factors will clearly be evident with a close analysis of this concept. This concept development will function as a criterion to guide the entire work force and crew to developing true value for the customers. Setting up Development Team and Project Timeline Second phase on the developing step could be to set up the team formidable in the given situations. The first step on this would be determining project specifications on cost time and deliverables. Then, it would be the adequate technological training for the work force, as the major challenge in developing an innovative concept could be the number of trained technologically skilled personals. The product specification session will be of creating an operation conditions for the concept to become physical and live. One must utilize here the ability, knowledge, experience and talent of not only the project managers but also, as much as possible, of every individual in the unit, to the maximum. This exploitation of human talent would be

Complementary therapies in the health care system Essay

Complementary therapies in the health care system - Essay Example [3] According to the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), CAM is defined as "a group of diverse medical and healthcare systems, practices, and products that are not presently considered to be part of conventional medicine". [4] Complementary medicine suggests treatments in conjunction with Western medicine, for example, aromatherapy can be used to lessen patients discomfort after surgery, and eucalyptus can complement antihistamines for allergic rhinitis. Alternative therapies suggest replacements for western medicine, for example, when a special diet is used for cancer patients instead of chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery. [2] Integrative medicine combines conventional Western medical therapies and CAM, for which there is some high-quality substantiated evidence for safety and efficacy. A very popular form of integrative medicine is seen in immune enhancement products, such as vitamins A, B6, C, zinc, Echinacea, and eucalyptus oil. [2] Cassileth (2001) initially observed that only 8% to 10% of patients with biopsy-diagnosed malignancy use alternative treatments. [6] However, the growth in the nutritional supplement industry indicates that there is a significant rise in the use of complementary/integrative nutritional therapies (CINTs) for disease treatment as well as for prevention in general. [7]CINTs are being sought by 30% to 80%of cancer patients during cancer treatment and for prevention. The most frequent users are those with breast cancer (80% to 85%)[8][9],pediatric cancers(46%)[10],prostatic cancer(27% to 43%)[11][12],and head and neck cancer(25%)[13]. A study reported by Kao and Devine (2000) observed that 37% of prostate cancer patients were using complementary nutritional modalities concurrently with radiation treatment. These ongoing studies indicate that complementary medicine use is much more prevalent among cancer patients than has been previously believed. Although patients,

European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) Essay

European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) - Essay Example n Foundation ‘the EFQM (European Foundation Quality Management) Excellence Model was introduced at the beginning of 1992 as the framework for assessing organisations for the European Quality Award; it is now the most widely used organisational framework in Europe and it has become the basis for the majority of national and regional Quality Awards’ (European Foundation for Quality Management, 2007). In fact, EFQM Excellence model has become quite known in organizations operating both in the public and the private sector. Its effectiveness regarding the measurement and the evaluation of organizational performance has been the main reason for the expansion of this model in many countries around the world; EFQM Excellence model has been proved to be equally effective in the private and the public sector. Current paper examines the particular aspects of EFQM Excellence model and the applicability of this model on modern organizations around the world. In order for the structu re and the role of this model to be clearly understood, the application of the specific model in a particular case is examined. In this context, the application of European Foundation Excellence model in Dubai has be considered to be a characteristic example of the effectiveness of this model both on the private and the public sector internationally. In order to understand the role and the development of European Foundation for Quality Management, it would be necessary to refer primarily to the general characteristics of this model the main aspects of its application (positive and negative – if any – aspects of the application of EFQM in firms operating within the international market). In this context, it is noticed by the European Foundation of Quality Management that ‘the Excellence model is a management model for excellence which can be applied to any organisation to evaluate qualitatively its performance; it enables private, public and voluntary sector organisations to compare their

History cold war Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History cold war - Essay Example While the United States became the land of the free, where individual dreams of success were within the realms of possibility following the tenets of Capitalism, the Communist ideologies of the Soviet Union were just the opposite. In many ways, the Cold War was a global contest for supremacy between two diverse, and opposing social systems, one based upon private property, political and economic laissez-faire and the other upon state property, centrally controlled political system, and enforced equal opportunities for all. Once the Soviet Union emerged as the Power that had liberated most of Eastern and Central Europe from the clutches of Adolf Hitler during the World War II, it began to insist on communist regimes in all the countries like Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Bulgaria and so on. Having learned a lesson from the case of Nazi Germany, (which was helped along by the previous non-interference of the United States in Europe) the United States became concerned over the rise of communism in various parts of the world like France, Italy and Germany, and of course the Central and East European nations. In the United States, suspicions of communism and the Soviet Union had reached a level of mass hysteria with the campaigning of anti-communist warrior Senator Joseph R. McCarthy, a Republican from Wisconsin who went public with his claims in 1950 that there were many Communists in the State government.Each Power now wanted supremacy in Europe in order to protect its own interests, and began to follow a strategy of intervention. The strategy of intervention included the use of incentives like offers of military protection, and of economic aid for growth and development. An added factor was that by this time each of the powers had missile capabilities and sought to place these missiles in locations of military advantage. Alliances thus also became a matter of military coalition and collaboration. As a result, objects of contention seemed to be whole societies and their particular orientation toward the United States or the Soviet Union. (Feste, 1992). Along with this strategy of intervention to win allies, the two powers each began to use strategies of deterrence and compellance. (Lebow, Stein, 1994)This meant an arms-build up, including nuclear arsenals, in order to threaten the other Power in such a way as to deter them from attacking, and then follow this up with a move to compel them using the threat of force. The three-pronged strategy of intervention, deterrence and compellance spread not only in Europe but also in various parts of the newly de-colonised Asia and South America. One such stand-off resulting from using the strategies of deterrence and compellance was the Cuba Missile Crisis in 1962. In 1960, the Soviet Union had managed to bring off a trade contract and alliance with Fidel Castro's Cuba following a strategy of intervention, which was only a few miles from the United States coasts. When the United States tried to instigate a revolution against Castro in 1962 through the famous incursion into the Bay of Pigs, which failed, the Soviet Union placed nuclear missiles in Cuba as a means of protecting its ally. President Kennedy placed Cuba under quarantine, and the tense nuclear situation was resolved with the withdrawal of Soviet missiles only after the United states promised not to invade Cuba, and to withdraw its missiles from Turkey.(Gaddis 1998) Almost at the same time a situation was brewing in Vietnam, where

Classroom Engagement and Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Classroom Engagement and Management - Assignment Example This makes it necessary to seek to outline and tabulate an approach and present it to the reader in the form of a personal best practice. Introduction Class room management has traditionally been understood as just that – management. However, the student should also be aware of the fact that classroom management necessarily requires a close collaborative agreement with the other stakeholders in the process; students. Although the phrase classroom management necessarily refers to an active process by which a leader, the teacher, interacts with the managed, students, the reality that the article seeks to display is that classroom management is ultimately a two way street that requires close cooperative agreement from all stakeholders involved. As a function of developing this cooperation and agreement, the article notes that there are several steps that the teacher and students can engage in that will help this to take place to a greater degree. The first of these is with regard s to seeking to agree on classroom rules at the very beginning of the year. This of course helps to level the playing field and present the students with the metrics by which they will be expected to follow. Additionally, checking in with students at the start of every classes emphasize as a means of possibly averting any negative behavior prior to it being exhibited. Furthermore consistency and expectations is emphasized as a means of ensuring that conformity in cooperation is uniform. Naturally, reinforcing positive behavior among students is one of the most effective means of discouraging negative behavior. As the age-old dictum goes, it is easier to catch flies with honey. A further aspect of classroom management is emphasizes with regards to maintaining student dignity. This not only helps to increase the level of self-respect the student has for himself/herself, it also helps to increase level of respect with which they engage with others (Deaton, 2013). Tying along with this is the need for the teacher to maintain a level of neutrality and not engage in any accusatory type behavior. i) Specify how you will present and conduct yourself Oftentimes, it is the case that classroom management has a great deal to do with the way in which the stage is set. What is meant by this is the fact that the teacher must be highly cognizant of the fact that their appearance and the way in which one conducts the interaction has a great deal of impact with regards to the way in which stakeholders will interact with the educator. As such, the classroom management plan that this particular student would seek to implement would be one of presenting a recognizable appearance of authority while maintaining this visual appearance with an ordered and structured approach to the lesson plan (Lawrence, 2013). Unfortunately, this is oftentimes overlooked and counts as one of the elements that is either performed in excess or not at all. However, when performed appropriately, the resu lts allow for an educator to maintain control of the classroom, maximize the level of respect that is rendered, and encourage participation from all involved. ii) Specify the behavioral goals for you students With regards to the behavioral goals that would be expected, this is also oftentimes misunderstood and underutilized by the educator. All too often, the

The future of privacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The future of privacy - Essay Example Privacy is a fundamental right, and everyone is entitled to it. Understanding that technology will keep developing will help find better ways that will curb the violation of privacy. It is not possible to know the kind of technology that will be there in years to come, and that is why we need to be prepared for anything. Passwords will no longer be safe to be used for privacy measures, and this will call for new methods to be used to guarantee the users security. Many and more people are now conversant with computer networks, and it is now easy to hack into someone’s account, and gain access to their private information. There have been cases where Twitter and Facebook accounts of individuals have been hacked. The hacker controls what is posted and shared on the account. With future privacy laws, the social sites have to find better ways to avert this problem. Without this, few people will continue using the sites considering that their privacy is not guaranteed. With all the new methods of communication, everyone wants to share information with their friends and even strangers. This can be done through social sites which include, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram or any other sites that may come up in the future. To control the privacy of what is shared, an individual should ensure that he or she safeguards his privacy. This means that he or she has to have a limit of what he wants to share with people on these social sites. â€Å"This state of affairs means that unless individuals can protect their own privacy they lose power† (Lanier 66). Surveillance is used by employers to ensure that there is a smooth flow in business operations. It is, however, debatable about the extent that the surveillance cameras should be placed. Cameras in a washroom, for instance, are considered as a serious violation of human rights. Surveillance footages capture employee’s moments that are otherwise considered private, and boundaries should be set

The Great Divorce Essay Example for Free

The Great Divorce Essay The Great Divorce, the narrator suddenly, and inexplicably, finds himself in a grim and joyless city (the grey town, representative of hell). He eventually finds a bus for those who desire an excursion to some other place (and which eventually turns out to be the foothills of heaven). He enters the bus and converses with his fellow passengers as they travel. When the bus reaches its destination, the people on the bus — including the narrator — gradually realize that they are ghosts. Although the country is the most beautiful they have ever seen, every feature of the landscape (including streams of water and blades of grass) is unbearably solid compared to themselves: it causes them immense pain to walk on the grass, and even a single leaf is far too heavy for any of them to lift. Shining figures, men and women whom they have known on earth, come to meet them, and to persuade them to repent and enter heaven proper. They promise that as the ghosts travel onward and upward, they will become acclimated to the country and will feel no discomfort. These figures, called spirits to distinguish them from the ghosts, offer to assist them in the journey toward the mountains and the sunrise. Almost all of the ghosts choose to return instead to the grey town, giving various reasons and excuses. Much of the interest of the book lies in the recognition it awakens of the plausibility and familiarity, along with the thinness and self-deception, of the excuses that the ghosts refuse to abandon, even though to do so would bring them to reality and joy forevermore. The narrator is met by the writer George MacDonald, whom he hails as his mentor, just as Dante did when encountering Virgil in the Divine Comedy; and MacDonald becomes the narrators guide in his journey, just as Virgil became Dantes. MacDonald explains that it is possible for a soul to choose to remain in heaven despite having been in the grey town; for such souls, their time in hell has been a period of testing, and the goodness of heaven will work backwards into their lives, turning even their worst sorrows into joy, and changing their experience on earth to an extension of heaven. Conversely, the evil of hell works backwards also, so that if a soul remains in, or returns to, the grey town, even its happiness on earth will lose its meaning, and its experience on earth would have been hell. None of the ghosts realize that the grey town is, in fact, hell. Indeed it is not that much different from the life they led on earth: joyless, friendless, and uncomfortable. It just goes on forever, and gets worse and worse, with some characters whispering their fear of the night that is to eventually come. According to MacDonald, heaven and hell cannot coexist in a single soul, and while it is possible to leave hell and enter heaven, doing so implies turning away (repentance); or as depicted by Lewis, giving up paltry worldly pleasures and self-indulgences — which have become impossible for the dead anyway — and embracing ultimate and unceasing joy itself. In answer to the narrators question MacDonald confirms that what is going on is a dream. The use of the chess game imagery as well as the correspondence of dream elements to elements in the narrators waking life are reminiscent of Lewis Carrolls Alices Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass. The narrator discovers that the vast grey town and its ghostly inhabitants are minuscule to the point of being invisible compared with the immensity of heaven and reality. This is illustrated in the encounter of the blessed woman and her husband: she is surrounded by gleaming attendants while he shrinks down to invisibility as he uses a collared tragedian to speak for him. Toward the end of the narrative the terror of the dreaming narrator of remaining a ghost in the advent of full daybreak in heaven is that of the man with his dream of judgment day in the House of the Interpreter of The Pilgrims Progress. The book ends with the narrator awakening from his dream of heaven into the unpleasant reality of wartime Britain, in conscious imitation of The Pilgrims Progress, the last sentence of the First Part of which is: So I awoke, and behold, it was a Dream. Main Characters The Narrator (it is implied that this is Lewis himself) — main focus of the narrative George MacDonald — the writer, who acts as guide to the narrator. And also many other small characters that play some pretty important roles in explaining Lewis ideas. Allusions/references to other works Lewis consciously draws elements of the plot from Dante (The Divine Comedy) and Bunyan; for example, comparing his meeting with MacDonald to the first sight of Beatrice. He also credits the idea that hell exists within heaven but is smaller than one atom of it to his scientifiction readings; travel by shrinking or enlargement is a common theme in speculative fiction, and the narrator alludes to its presence in Alice in Wonderland. In the preface, Lewis explains the origin of his idea that heaven is immutable to the ghosts from hell, referencing an unnamed science fiction work which gave him the notion of a character being unable to affect matter around him because he ha d traveled back in time to the unchangeable past.