Innocent Ltd Integrated Marketing Plan

Innocent Ltd Integrated Marketing Plan Currently Innocent can be considered as the colossus of natural fruit drinks in the smoothie manufacturing industry. Innocent is headquartered in London with a workforce about 273 people and a global network of more than 10, 000 traders over 13 European countries (Datamonitor, 2009). Innocents product portfolio has been recently expanded to almost 40 different product selections and thus companys success over the competition is the natural ingredients that used in its products and also the aspiration to conserve the nature in its products until the end user (Innocent, 2010). Potential Market Analysis and Resultant Marketing Objectives Regarding Pickton and Broderick (2005), PRESTCOM analysis can help the business in building up the best possible knowledge of the internal and external environment in which the company is preparing to enter. Consequently, an analysis has been carried out and can be viewed below: Considering the Political and Regulatory factors, the UK Department of Health has launched 5-a-day campaign, as a way to influence peoples life in order to be healthier (NHS, 2009). Therefore, the governments goal is to increase peoples knowledge of the benefits of healthy consumption as well as to buy more fruit and vegetables. Additionally, legislations that occasionally come from various governmental health and food departments can also affect the market. A good example is that of the Food Standards Agency which has altered a new labelling legislation where people can be aware of the level of trans-fats used in the product they consume (BBC, 2007). Recession can be characterised as one of the most influential factors of UKs Economic environment. The high amount of unemployment and the low peoples income are significant factors for the market. Such economic conditions, people are more aware of their expenses that mainly spend money on necessary daily items (LaForey, 2010). Finally, the recent rise of ice cream taxes, oil and milk prices can also affect the market at a great extent (Jofre, 2010; BBC, 2010). Lifestyle, value, trends and ethics are some elements that characterise the Social window of the externals environment. In instance, Mintel (2010) states that ice cream consumption is not seasonable anymore but for the whole year. In addition, most adult consumers buy ice cream for pleasure where a high number of people are aware and care of healthy consumption. The Technological concept has recently taken another dimension as social networks and brand communities have gave the ability for consumers to give-and-take opinions for products and services (Mitchell, 2001). In order to understand the Competitive environment of an industry Johnson et.al (2008) suggest that the five forces framework can assists the process. Taking a brief Porters 5 forces analysis of the company, the bargaining power of the suppliers have been assessed to be moderate to high since the company hires a small yet diversified supply chain as the fruits are being provided by suppliers across the world (Annual report, 2008). Thus a possible concentration of suppliers makes this power stronger. The bargaining power of the buyers has been assessed to be high for three reasons: a) buyer concentration due to premium priced products, b) small target market, and c) product standardization. Threats of substitutes has also been assessed to be moderate to high due to current pricing strategy of the products that provides opportunities for cheaper substitutes products. Barriers to entry in the UK market has been assessed to be low due to external threats to the country such as terrorism, recession etc. all discouraging foreign investors entering into the UK market. Lastly, rivalry amongst the competitors has also been assessed to be high due to leading competitors Haagen-Dazs and Ben Jerrys (Mintel, 2010). The evolving changes in the external environment of the businesses today are evidently observed since businesses have been under strict scrutiny for ethical business practices. Additionally the adapted ethical business practices have also been assessed to be competitive advantage of the company along with its strong product portfolio, continue to provide the company with critical success factors in the competitive market (Annual Report, 2008). The strategic advantage of the company capitalizes on savvy and busy customers with little time for taking a meal during the mid-day (Innocent, 2010). Hence, the food products offered by Innocent Ltd. promises healthy and balanced diet options using healthy ingredients such as oats, yoghurt, fresh fruits etc. Finally, the corporate social responsibility policy practiced by Innocent Ltd. as reported in the annual report (2008), continuously indicates towards the importance of the implied approach of the business ensuring that business initiative s shouldnt mess up with the planet (Annual report, 2008). Such elements reflect the current environment of the Organisation. Aaker and McLoughlin (2010) recommend that an examination of the Market can benefit to determine Innocents current and future attractiveness. Even the recent negative period of recession, is expected a positive growth for the market in the next few years. According to Mintel (2009) is expected that the market will have a growth from annual sales of  £0.2 billion until the end of the year 2014. In addition, the weather instability of the ice creams seasonal nature (summer) has made manufactures to seek on developing take-home ice cream (Mintel, 2009). With Unilever controlling up to 43% of the markets share, ice cream has struggled to be as a special treat. Marketing Objectives Brassington and Pettit (2006) define marketing objectives as the goals that companys marketing strategy must be able to achieve. In order to come up with the best possible strategy, Fill (2009) argues that objectives must be SMART such as the company can ensure that its goals are clearly and well defined. Regarding the SMART concept, marketing objectives have been carried out and can be view to the table 1 below. Table 1: Marketing objectives based on SMART mode Specific Innocents main business objective is to promote and launch Innocent Ice Sorbets in the established UK market Measurable Aim for an overall increase of 15 per cent in the market share of Innocent Ltd. in the UK market Achievable The company has to continue with relationship building initiatives with stakeholders of the company so that 20 per cent of existing customers that is accountable for 80 per cent of business revenues, can be retained Realistic The firm has to develop marketing campaign creating awareness and desire of the Ice Sorbets through advertising and relationship marketing and also to develop the brand image, loyalty and awareness Time-able The companys objectives have duration of one year; this means that Innocent is expected to complete its objectives until the end of the year 2011 Integrated Marketing Communications Objectives Integrated marketing communications objectives are usually related with the sales or aims that the company required in order to attract the attention of consumers. They can be also characterised as part of the overall marketing plan development (Moss and Warnaby, 1998). Such objectives can be generated base on AIDAs model (Awareness, Interest, Desire, Action) which involves the buyers process before the decision of purchase is made (Pickton and Broderick, 2005). Therefore, integrated marketing communications objectives have been produced and can be viewed below: To create an awareness and increase the demand of the product with in the defined target market. To persuade the target market to purchase and re- purchase the product. To be clear and concise with the marketing communication message so that the marketing objectives can be achieved. Target Audience Description and Justification Target segments can be chosen on the basis of their psychographic, behaviouristic, and demographic characteristics. Nevertheless, consumers in such segments may have different needs, attitudes and preferences (Kotler, 2003). Once the marketing plan has been executed, further information concerning the target market can also be extracted by means of organizing marketing initiatives such as marketing surveys, focus group, customer etc. so that the process of re-defining the target market can take place, if needed. Identifying the current target audience for Innocents product are those people who are health conscious and seek taste and health benefits at the same time. In addition, the target audience are 20 per cent of the current customers of the company, who have been assessed to be generating 80 per cent of the business revenues (Annual report, 2008). Therefore, it is important to tightly define the scope of the marketing plan so that the allocated marketing budget can be justified. In order to reach the target market, the marketing communication plan proposes to stabilise and establish communication channels mainly through advertising and marketing initiatives in a valuable approach (Pickton and Broderick, 2005). Conclusively, the target market of this IMC plan comprises of people ranging within age bracket of five years to 45 + years, coming from mostly educated backgrounds male and female both (working men / women, students, housewives, retired people etc.) who are well aware of the disadvantages of processed ingredients, preservatives, added sugar and salt etc. Table 2: Target Market Integrated Marketing Communications Strategy After defining businesss objectives and audiences it is essential to create a communication strategy. For instance, Innocent can use a combination of push and pull strategies as Pickton and Broderick (2005) suggest that a combination of those can reduce any potential dangers. Considering pull strategy, the company can focus its promotion activities to increase demand for the product at the end consumer while push strategy seeks to boost the trade channel to drive and promote the product until the end user (Fill, 2009). In order to create awareness and desire to purchase the product in the target market, the audience should be approached with a persuasive marketing communication message that emphasizes on the importance of the pure ingredients laden with health benefits that are used in the Ice Sorbets (Palmer et.al, 2007). In addition, the target market should also be informed about the product and its ingredients and how the product can be a no-added sugar and sweeteners, concentrates and preservative. The marketing communication messages should embrace 100per cent fruit quality of the product. Develop a unique selling proposition (USP) for the Ice Sorbets and promote the USP throughout the marketing campaign (Pickton and Broderick, 2005). The identified USP of product has been identified as 100 per cent fruits that are being used in making of the product, unlike other similar or substitute products that use artificial ingredients. The USP of the product makes the product safe to be consumed by children as young as five years old so that parents dont have to worry about any unnatural ingredient used in the product. It is very important that the marketing communication message should be persuasive and compelling so that the audience can easily memorize the message since Ice Sorbets may be highly consumed during the summer months (June- August) only. Hence a strong marketing communication message is crucial to the success of the product and the marketing communication plan. The marketing communication plan should be developed while making considerations of relationship marketing as suggested by Peelen (2005). These are: obtaining knowledge of the customers; establish strong relationship with the customers, and lastly persuasive communication along with value proposition of the customers. The marketing communication plan should also embrace a combination of exciting and validating plead, persuasive enough for the target audience. An exciting or emotional plead can be formed through connecting the product with peoples hearts such as care for the family by giving them 100 per cent healthy product made only with fruits. This can even extend to family members who are diabetic. Similarly, it is imperative that any element of mass marketing should be avoided. For that reason, the advertisements designed for the marketing plan should be able to connect to the customers (Dashlen, 2010). Apparently, extensive marketing research initiatives should be undertaken prior to the development of the marketing campaign. While identifying the validating plead, the communication message should converse the functional advantages of the product such as healthy and full of fruits nutritional value (Peelen, 2005). In addition to above, it is equally significant to note that the marketing cam paign is build from the consumers viewpoint rather than from the standpoint of the company. Subsequently, the target audience should be able to connect the rationale and emotional side of their personality with the product. Out of the defined target market, 70 per cent should be reached with in the first four months of launching of the marketing campaign whereas the remaining 30 per cent should be reached in the following months of the marketing campaign. However, repeat messages should be broadcasted and any tweaking of the communication message should also be carried out if necessary. The marketing communication campaign should be reviewed and monitored periodically (Schultz and Schultz, 2004). Additionally, in order to select an effective communication mix of IMC, the AIDAs model (illustrated in Table 3 and Table 4) has to be assessed. Table 3: AIDA model and IMC mix Low Awareness Integrated Marketing Communications Tactic In order to implement that above proposed strategies, following tactical approach has been projected (Blythe, 2006). The tactics take the shape of the marketing communication plan that is categorized as the 4 Ps of the marketing: place, product, price and promotion. Place: Even though the existing distribution channel of the enterprise seems to be adequate to assist this particular element of the marketing mix, however some additional retailers need to be employed while distributing the product. Such retailers have been identified as food retailers like Waitrose and Sainsbury, due to the comparatively high priced products sold by these retailers, suitable to sell premium priced products sold by Innocent Ltd (Mintel, 2010). Additionally, some coffee retailers such as Starbucks, Costa Coffee etc. will also be approached. The coffee shops have been chosen because they are eager to sell low fat / healthy food options unlike their high- calorie bakery items (Mintel, 2010). Similarly, the existing services of the company such as inventory management; logistics, transportation and warehousing will be used to store and manage the availability and transportation of the product. Product: The product is called Innocent Ice Sorbets and is fully concentrated with fruits i.e. no air whipping technique is used to make the product dense as compare to its competing products. This product promises 100 per cent flavour and nutritional content of the fruits. The product initially comes in three flavours: Mango Passion Fruit; Banana Raspberry; and Strawberry. The product will be sold in eco friendly packages whereas the copy on the packages will carry on the marketing communication message that emphasizes upon the natural ingredient laden with health benefits. Price: The pricing strategy of the product should be competitive against the luxury ice cream brands. Hence, the pricing strategy will enable the company to continue with its market leading position (Brassington and Pettitt, 2005). The competitive pricing strategy will also aim to take over the market share of its competitors in this regard such as Ben Jerrys, Haagen-Dazs, Solero and Carte DOr Moreover. The product has high potential in doing so because of its USP i.e. no added sugar, sweetener, preservatives and 100 per cent fruit content. However, it is very important that the pricing strategy must deliver product value to its consumers so that objectives of the marketing communication plan i.e. relationship building relationship with its customers can be attained (Blyth, 2006). Promotion: This element of marketing mix has been categorized into different elements of the communications mix which is basically a tool for the achievement of companys IMC objectives (illustrated in Table 4) (Smith and Taylor, 2004). Table 4: The Communication Mix Advertising: The product will mainly be advertised through different media as explained below: magazines; Vogue, OK, Grazia, Hello! etc, newspapers; The Times, Evening Standard, Metro etc., television channels; Channel 4, ITV etc, internet and, outdoor; billboard, tubes, buses, bus stands shopping malls, etc. Collateral advertising: The product promotion will also be done through designing product literature such as pamphlets, posters, mail shots etc. Direct mail: The product literature will be directly distributed to the target market to ensure the reach of the message to its target audience. Trade shows: To provide a further boost to the product promotion, trade shows will be arranged specifically targeted to business- to- business customers. The objective of trade shows will be a) to educate the supply chain partners / stakeholders about the product and its associated health benefits so that their confidence and trust can be instil in to the product and b) to build relationship with stakeholders so as to internally strengthen the enterprise. Sales promotion: The product will be offered to its business-to- business customers on sales promotion offers such as 15 per cent price reduction in the total bill with the purchase of X amount of volume etc. Branding: Along with branding the product Ice Sorbets, the brand development of the product portfolio will run side by side. Some of the proposed brand development initiatives are developing online networks and communities so that the company / products can stay closer to the target audiences through listening and valuing their opinions, advertising, customer relationship building and so on. Costed Media Plan The costed media plan and budget allocation has been carried out based upon the following tables (Table 4 and 5). The budget allocation amongst the choice of the media has been carried on the designated priority level i.e. TV adverts and print adverts gain 64% of priority whereas out door adverts get 36% of the priority. Table 4: Media plan budget Calculation Total budget is 8 per cent of anticipated sales i.e.  £ 5,000,000 calculated as: 6 per cent of anticipated sales for marketing  £ 4,00,000 + Total budget

Michael Oher Essay

African-American Michael Oher’s story started when he ran away from home, escaping his drug-crazy mother who was fighting her own battle of maintaining a husband-less family and retaining money for drugs, food, and other â€Å"necessities. † Although he kept poor grades up until the year he graduated from high school, Oher showed an aptitude in sports from an early age. This would play a major role in his future, as we now see him playing as a tackle for the Baltimore Ravens. In his freshman year of high school, Oher was living temporarily with an auto mechanic whose son was just about the same age as him. His guardian enrolled both his son and Oher into Briarcrest Christian High School so they could study together. However, he ran into financial troubles and had to force Michael to leave. Eventually, Oher ran into Sean and Leigh Anne Tuohy, who adopted him and took care of him until he went to college. Briarcrest Christian was a predominantly white school; in fact, the entire district was a predominantly white district. This meant that because Oher was African-American, he faced a lot of racial tensions in his school. He had to deal with countless people staring at him or talking about him when he was walking down the hallways in school. In fact, his mother’s friends and his sister’s friends were discouraging them both to keep him as a foster son. In football games, Oher faced many racist people on his team and from opposing teams. However, he was able to brave through many of the slurs thrown at him and channel a lot of his anger into football. By the end of senior year, Oher received varsity letters in football, basketball, and track-and-field. He received scholarships from many colleges including Tennessee, LSU, Auburn, Alabama, and South Carolina, but Oher finally decided on going to the University of Mississippi, where his foster parents and his tutor went to. He primarily went so he could play on the Ole Miss Rebels football team. We can parallel many of Oher’s actions to his baseball counterpart—Jackie Robinson. Jackie Robinson endured many of the taunts and racial jeers that were hurled at Oher throughout his high school life. Similarly, both of these people rose up against their problems to surpass the white people that made fun of them before—Robinson being nationally ranked as one of the best baseball players of his time, Oher being one of the best left tackles in his team in high school.

Campare Sonnet Essay

Shall I compare you to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate:| You are more lovely and more constant:| Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,| Rough winds shake the beloved buds of May| And summer’s lease hath all too short a date: | And summer is far too short:| Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,| At times the sun is too hot,| And often is his gold complexion dimm’d; | Or often goes behind the clouds;| And every fair from fair sometime declines,| And everything beautiful sometime will lose its beauty, By chance or nature’s changing course untrimm’d;| By misfortune or by nature’s planned out course. But thy eternal summer shall not fade | But your youth shall not fade,| Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;| Nor will you lose the beauty that you possess;| Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade,| Nor will death claim you for his own,| When in eternal lines to time thou growest:| Because in my eternal verse you will live forever. | So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,| So long as there are people on this earth,| So long lives this and this gives life to thee. So long will this poem live on, making you immortal| My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun;| My mistress’s eyes are nothing like the sun;| Coral is far more red than her lips’ red;| Coral is far more red than her lips;| If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; | If snow is white, then her breasts are a brownish gray;| If hairs be wires, black wi res grow on her head. | If hairs are like wires, hers are black and not golden. I have seen roses damask’d, red and white,| I have seen damask roses, red and white [streaked],| But no such roses see I in her cheeks; | But I do not see such colors in her cheeks;| And in some perfumes is there more delight | And some perfumes give more delight| Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. | Than the horrid breath of my mistress. | I love to hear her speak, yet well I know | I love to hear her speak, but I know| That music hath a far more pleasing sound;| That music has a more pleasing sound. I grant I never saw a goddess go;| I’ve never seen a goddess walk;| My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground:| But I know that my mistress walks only on the ground. | And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare | And yet I think my love as rare| As any she belied with false compare. | As any woman who has been misrepresented by | The sonnet 18 is a Shakespeare’s early love poem which is about affection of a young man to his beloved. It starts with the genuine question, â€Å"shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? † The speaker is t hinking about his lover’s beauty rather than putting her poem in a conventional love poem formula. Then, he points out her lover’s beauty was more beautiful and constant than a summer day; her beauty was eternal and would be preserved in the lines of this poem. However, Sonnet 130 is a more convincing love poem because it is more descriptive and realistic in depicting his lover which shows that his love is more sincere and everlasting. Sonnet 18 is about the feeling of perfection of his lover’s beauty while sonnet 130 is about the real appearances of her mistress. In sonnet 18 the speaker says, â€Å"Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate:† Although summer is pleasant season, the speaker never talks about how his lover is like a summer day nor how she was more lovely. He did not give life to his lover because we can use this poem to mostly every woman in the world; he does not specifically describe his lover. In sonnet 130, the speaker explicit states what his mistress looks like. The speaker says, â€Å"My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun;/Coral is far more red than her lips’ red;/If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; /If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. It explicitly describes his lover in an honest way. Although love poems often use sun, snow and beautiful objects to praise the beauty of their subject, realistic love is not about an idealized sense of beauty. A person cannot love another one simply because they are physically beautiful. We think that the women with red lips, white skin and gold hair are beautiful, but does it mean the women that having â€Å"not so† red lips, brownish skin, and black hair are not beautiful? Beauty is subjective. When people love someone, they would define beau ty by his/her standard. By describing in detail of his lover’s appearance, the speaker of sonnet 130 really know his lover. Love is not only about the feeling of a warm sunny summer day, but know a person as a distinguish individual. Sonnet 130 make his lover feel special and superior because the speaker pay quite attention to her actual appearance, and honestly writes it down in a poem. It also gives her the sense of security because she knows he loves her for who she is and she does not need to pretend to be a perfect figure nor be an everlasting summer day. Sonnet 130 ses reality to prove the speakers love while sonnet 18 uses exaggeration. Sonnet 18 illustrates only the speaker’s love for his beloved’s beauty while in sonnet 130 illustrates more sincere love for her mistress even though she is not perfect. In sonnet 18, the speaker claim his lover was eternal by saying, â€Å"By chance or nature’s changing course untrimm’d;/But thy eternal summer shall not fade /Nor l ose possession of that fair thou owest;/ Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade,† The speaker praise that her beauty stronger than the nature. Although the speaker values her beauty greatly and even believed her is beauty has the power to overturn the nature, it is only his wish and imagination that her beauty would not change. It will not be convincing to a woman since they consciously know that appearance will change. His lover will feel that the speaker only focuses on her beauty, but not anything else. In sonnet 130, the speaker states, â€Å"I love to hear her speak†. The speaker loves her thinking, her opinions and her intellects. The speaker values her thought which is not very common even in current society. Relationship is about equality and respect. Many men treat women as an object that has nothing inside. Even in sonnet 18, the speaker compares his lover as an eternal summer which also an object. Then, the speaker says, â€Å"I grant I never saw a goddess go;/My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground:† . The speaker wants to compare his mistress with a goddess as many sonnets do, but he admits that he never saw one. It mocks that other poets are dishonest which compare their lover to a figure they never see. He emphasized the word â€Å"my mistress† which shows that he takes pride that this woman is his mistress as while as the ways his mistress is like. He shows that this poem is about her mistress but not anybody else, not even goddess can compare with his mistress. He cares only his mistress which makes her even superior to a goddess. He shows that although her mistress is not an immortal figure, but her mistress is special for him. Then, speaker of sonnet 130 transits his understanding of her mistress to his confession of love while in sonnet 18, the speaker transits his lover’s beauty to mortality. The speaker of sonnet 18 uses poetry to eternalize his lover while in sonnet 130, the speaker shows that his love for her is eternal. In the end of sonnet 18, the speaker says, â€Å"So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, /So long lives this and this gives life to thee†. The life of the subject will be an endless summer, but only because the speaker has immortalized her in this poem, and only if people continue to read these verses. It makes the readers feel that the poem itself is greater than the subject. The poem builds up this subject with eternal beauty and the subject only lives in the poem. However, this poem is for a living woman, and she is not living by her beauty or by the poem. Every woman knows this poem cannot real give immorality to them because the readers do not even know who the subject is. Not only the woman reading this poem cannot relate herself to this poem, buy she also will feel the speaker’s love is unrealistic and superficial and will not last long. In contract, in sonnet 130, the speaker claims that â€Å"And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare†. His claim is convincing because in previous lines, he honestly depict his mistress and we expect he is honest when he says that he loves her. Furthermore, if his love for her is not because she is idealized beautiful since she is not, then he must love her because of her which we define as true love. His love would not fate with changing of appearance or time. His mistress would feel that she has the speaker’s heart forever. Sonnet 130 well proved the speaker’s love for her mistress; his love is about understanding and respect; his love is strong and everlasting. In contrast, sonnet 18 is more about the speaker’s passion to his lover’s beauty than his love for her as a whole individual. Many people say romantic love would last long. It is because that when people know each other well, their flaws would appear, and they are intolerance to these flaws. They would try everything to change each other to the way they want, but they most likely fail. Everyone is difference and not perfect, so when people love someone, they should acceptance their flaws.

Class Presentation Notes Bipolar Disorder - 1384 Words

Bipolar Disorder Class Presentation Notes Define illness: Bipolar disorder, also called manic-depressive illness, is a mental disorder characterised by extreme shifts in mood, as well as fluctuations in energy and activity levels. Someone with bipolar will experience episodes of low mood (major depression) and times of high or elevated mood (mania or hypomania). Bipolar episodes are essentially drastic mood changes, and last at least one week. These episodes can affect a person s thoughts, feelings and actions, and can dramatically interfere with relationships, academic performance, lifestyle activities, and day-to-day living. Every individual experiences bipolar differently. Some people only have one or two episodes in their life, and they never reoccur, whereas others can endure years without any symptoms, yet still have manic or depressive episodes. Often depressive episodes occur just before a manic episode takes place. Symptoms of a manic episode include: constant, unusually elevated mood - feeling high, euphoric, on top of the world, or very irritable less need for sleep - sleeping very little without feeling tired a noticeable increase in energy, activity, and drive - having lots of projects or plans, walking long distances, always ‘on the go’ racing thoughts and rapid speech - thoughts jumping around from topic to topic, speaking in a way that is difficult for others to follow being disinhibited - engaging in high-risk behaviours that are out of character andShow MoreRelatedAlice s Intake And Autobiography3279 Words   |  14 Pagesassessing a desire to be less anxious and to control sudden mood changes. She also stated she would like to turn her life around, but has no idea where to start. Alice notes she is not bleak. She has enough guts to leave a lot of her shady past behind and enrolled into college. Presenting Problem/Symptoms/History Alice notes of experiencing these symptoms since childhood. 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The Epic Of Gilgamesh And The Book Of Job Essay - 1191 Words

Human problems does not change throughout history but instead get told in different forms. The Epic of Gilgamesh and the Book of Job are a quest for immortality and deal with the realization that death is final and will come for everyone. The Epic of Gilgamesh and the Book of Job have a similar main theme of immortality and context, but the Book of Job has a more optimistic and friendly world view. These two stories are very similar in their context because they occur close together in history. The Epic of Gilgamesh was written around 600 B.C.E. but the historical events that the Epic of Gilgamesh talks about would have taken place around 2,700 B.C.E. which is when Gilgamesh lived. Similarly, the Book of Job was written around 1,000 B.C.E. but would have taken place around 2,000 B.C.E. Both of these stories happened within 700 years of each other but didn’t get written until many years later, 2,000 years later for the Epic of Gilgamesh and 1,000 years later for the Book of Job . While a 700 year difference may seem big when put into perspective of history the 700 years is an extremely small gap. By being so close to each other in time, this means that the context and advancement between the two aren’t significantly different. The Epic of Gilgamesh and the Book of Job also took place in Mesopotamia, which is today Syria, Iraq, and parts of Turkey and Iran. The location of Mesopotamia plays a vital role in the stories. Mesopotamia has fierce unpredictable weather, tribalShow MoreRelatedThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And The Story Of Job Are Both Literary1677 Words   |  7 Pages The Epic of Gilgamesh and the Story of Job are both literary classics. They have several factors that make them very similar, as well as key points that make them extremely different as well. Both of these stories have factors such as the idea of immortality, relationships, and who they worship as main focal points. However, how they view immortality, their relationships, as well as their religious beliefs separate them. These two works of literature are similar because they both touch on the ideaRead More Creation, Flood and the Hero in Epic of Gilgamesh and Book of Genesis of the Christian Bible1020 Words   |  5 PagesCreation, Flood and the Hero in Gilgamesh and the Bible    The Epic of Gilgamesh compares to the Bible in many different ways. The epic has a different perspective than the Bible does. This paper is a contrast and comparison between the two books. The three main points of this paper will be the Creation, Flood and the Hero.    The way these two books start out is creation. This is the first similarity that we can state. God created man out of the earth, â€Å"In the beginning God createdRead MoreThe Poem Epic Of Gilgamesh 891 Words   |  4 PagesThe poem Epic of Gilgamesh highlights the complexand important roles of women in society long before notions of feminism became prevalent. 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Although their incredible abilities may support the societal perception of strong leadership, their weaknesses caused these characters to hold vices that went against the cultural expectations of what a strong leaderRead MoreEpic Of Gilgamesh Literary Analysis1837 Words   |  8 Pagesof the books combine these elements with their own unique understanding of the story that they wish to narrate to their audience. Scriptural accounts of events that define the doctrines and practices of Christianity depend on the literary elements. The Bible is a book of immense value to the followers of the Christian faith in the sense that themes of love, sin, mortality, divinity, punishments are told through stories of individuals and societies. The Epic of Gilgamesh is a Mesopotamian book thatRead MoreLiterary Analysis : The Odyssey And The Popol Vuh Essay1456 Words   |  6 PagesShonagon, afterwards The Epic of Gilgamesh, following Poems of Catullus, later The Popol Vuh and lastly Lysistrata with all of the writings sharing a scapegoat to advance the plot of the story To begin with the first layer of finding the archetype is easiest when looking at The Odyssey by Homer. There are actually quite a few archetypes just within this epic story, but when talking about a scapegoat a handful come to mind. The first one can be found in the first five books when it talks formally aboutRead MoreHuman Suffering Essay735 Words   |  3 Pagescertain kind of suffering. The Epic of Gilgamesh describes that suffering is caused by death. The Book of Job describes how suffering is caused by sickness, loss of possessions, or loved ones. Buddhist explains suffering caused by our mental anguish. Night describes suffering caused by others. These readings give us meaning to suffering so that in the future we can avoid suffering, and if we can not avoid it we can at least explain it. The Epic of Gilgamesh tells us that suffering happensRead MoreHuman Suffering Of Gilgamesh And Job1709 Words   |  7 Pagessustain injury or loss. When the lives of Gilgamesh, Enkidu and Job are placed one a comparative level, clearly on can see that they all suffered some loss or pain. When one examines further their loss or pain, evidently their suffering is placed on different levels as they differ in their intensity even though their suffering share some of the same characteristics. Therefore it can be argued that Gilgamesh, Enkidu and Job all suffered but the result Gilgamesh and Enkidus sufferings were self-inflictedRead MoreMonotheistic Relationship Between Creator And Creation1509 Words   |  7 Pages The relationship between the creator and creation differs in books with monotheistic and polytheistic traditions. Although these relationships between the creations and their god(s) have proven some similarities. The relationships the creation has with their creator have been seen to have guidance to a task. In the monotheistic relationship between â€Å"god† and creation have lessons of man and their journeys of hardships with the help of gods guidance. The polytheistic traditions have been provenRead MoreLoyalty : Fate And The Chance Of Survival1629 Words   |  7 PagesFelicity Miller Professor Donavan Monster and Marvels 14, October 2014 Loyalty: Fate and the Chance of Survival in Zipe’s Fairytales, Beowulf, and Gilgamesh Many different themes and topics are brought up in Zipe’s fairytales, Beowulf and Gilgamesh. An important theme that occurs in many of these stories is loyalty. In each story the common goal of loyalty is to create a strong feeling of support and allegiance to a kingdom, person, property, agreement, or item of importance. These strong feelings

Analysis Of The Poem Bellocq Ophelia By Natasha Trethewey

Bellocq’s Ophelia, by Natasha Trethewey is a collection of poems highlighting the complexities of being a black female sex worker in the early 20th century. The work is inspired by the image of a young prostitute in New Orleans originally taken by photographer E.J. Bellocq. Trethewey s protagonist is Ophelia, and the poems serve as letters depicting her experience while working in the brothel. Thematically, the poems center largely around objectification .Countess P---’s Advice for New Girls and August 1911 are examples of how Tretheway uses language, tone, and structure to reflect Ophelia’s internal feelings of oppression while being both racially and sexually objectified. Countess P’s Advice for New Girls essentially introduces the ideals and principles of the business but states you are the business. The environment of the poem takes place in Countess P’s brothel. Countess P the speaker of the poem, a Madame, demonstrates to Ophelia this ideology with an authoritarian tone.â€Å"For our customers you must learn to be watched. Empty your thoughts think if you do, only of your swelling purse.† The element of identity and performativity is highlighted with the author’s intricate use of imagery and similes in this poem. The poem’s begins with imagery, Countess P states to Ophelia â€Å"Look, this is a high- class house polished mahogany..†(11) meaning this brothel is filled with luxury and the women she employs will reflect this ideology of magnificence and objectification. â€Å"The

Vacation in Australia and New Zealand

Question: Write an essay about the Vacation in Australia and New Zealand. Answer: Part A 1. Vacation in Australia and New Zealand Senior citizen Senior citizens have a tendency to travel more in the historical places more than the pleasure trip for rest and relaxation (Meyer 2014). In Australia and New Zealand, there are numerous historical places to visit for the elderly people. Darwin Military Museum, Fort Lytton, Fort Scratchley, Kakadu National Park and the National Museum of Australia are the famous place to visit. While, in New Zealand, aged people loves to travel in Auckland War Memorial Museum, Centre of Contemporary Art in Canterbury, Zealandia, Auckland Art Gallery to know more about the culture of the country and communal. Solomon et al. (2012) depict these communal also prefer package tour for a longer interval of time and they are more concern about the health and safety factor. Baby boomer generation Scott and Vigar Ellis (2014) mentioned that these generation people have almost reached to their retirement and have savings to spend on luxury. These people have a tendency to devote time to the leisure places for experiencing the best of nature with their family members. Places like Adelaide, Hobart, Great Barrier Reef and Great Ocean Road in Victoria in Australia and Bay of Island, Milford Sound, Queenstown, Waitomo Glowworm Caves and Franz Josef Glacier of New Zealand are the place that the baby boomer generation prefers to visit. Gossling et al. (2012) illustrate that they prefer those places for enjoying the beauty of nature along with an extraordinary experience of the concerned places. Generation Y with growing family household These people love to travel to entertaining places like amusement parks, water parks, adventurous places and variety of different locations (Horner and Swarbrooke 2016). The generation Y people have a tendency to travel a lot; however, they are little cost conscious, as they cannot afford many luxurious places. Li et al. (2013) depicts that these people have a behavior of attaining discount passes on transport so that they can travel to their destination after analyzing their budget. Furthermore, Sigala et al. (2012) portray that they also negotiate for a better deal so that they get enough discounts for traveling to Dreamworld, WhiteWater World and Luna Park Sydney in Australia and Rainbow's End Theme Park, Splash Planet and Alpine Aqualand in New Zealand. Smaller family unit and single adult The smaller families have a tendency to travel individually by making a proper investigation in order to obtain deals at lesser prices. Couture et al. (2015) demonstrate that these groups do not prefer to go to a travel agency and holiday packages. They searched for a cost-effective way through online websites and advertisements to visit the family places and historical streets and often visit some public parks, museums and small budget hotels (Amaro and Duarte 2015). Coastal Walks in Bondi to Tamarama, botanical gardens and Hyde Park can be a perfect example for the small family unit and a single adult to travel in Australian while the same person can visit Cuba Street, Fiordland and famous local places New Zealand. 2. Cosmetic industry Senior citizen Hansen et al. (2012) mentions that the senior citizens have the tendency to purchase natural cosmetics that are not too loud and vibrant. They also select those products that use natural ingredients so that it will not affect their skin. Moreover, Chung et al. (2016) depict that they invest in products that are easy to apply and soothe their skin like liquid eyeliners than pencil liners. In the case of male dominating personalities, their behavior mainly focuses on light makeup materials like skin tightening face washes. Baby boomer generation These people often purchase things that make their looks attractive as they have just crossed the time of younger age and paying attention to appearing and maintaining a youthful lifestyle (Chu and Lin 2013). These people invest on the cosmetics surgeries more like teeth repairing and hair replacement in order to sustain their look. Generation Y with growing family household Wolf (2013) illustrate that the demographic factor of the gender impacts a lot in this context that is the female consumer are more likely to purchase the cosmetics products more compared to male. However, Kardes et al. (2014) portray that the college going students and the high school goers invest more in these products as they have to attend numerous outing and gathering. Their usual behavior is to buy natural products irrespective of the cost. Srivastava (2014) elucidate that they purchase quality products in a lesser amount if cannot afford all the quality product range. Smaller family unit and single unit These families invest in low-budget natural products and rely on those products having long lasting effects (Chu and Lin 2013). Smaller family units spend less on these objects as they have other expenditures also to invest and their thoughts are influenced by the cosmetic requirement of their families. However, Desai (2014) mentions that single adult expense more on beauty products as are more concern about their looks and their choice does not influence by any other members of the family. 3. Pre-cooked food industry Senior citizen The senior citizens have a tendency to select products that are good for health and easy to digest for their family members. Wikstrom et al. (2014) demonstrates they always choose the natural ingredients that are less spicy and have less additive substances in the food products. Wikstrom et al. (2013) mentions that they also choose products that have larger packaging like family pack and have no loss of the flavor even if stored for longer period. These groups are more conscious about their medical contain health, looks for the less fat and fewer calories and have less cholesterol content (Rodriguez-Entrena and Salazar-Ordonez 2013). Baby boomer generation The people from this group values for money more than the other group. Office goers are more likely to buy these pre-cooked products directly from the stores and can directly consume in their breakfast and dinner times (Carlucci et al. 2015). The generation Y people purchases more the ready to eat food like sushi, sandwich and coffee while on their way to offices in order to utilize their time. The female customers are price conscious and purchase healthy products and last long if stored properly. Generation Y with growing family household This generation invests a lot in these commodities, as these are the group, who are busy in their daily schedule in offices and the schools respectively. However, kids do not have any particular choice for the selection of pre-cooked food items (Carlson and Frazao 2014). Mainly the school goers are looking for the tasty food items and have a tendency to select these food products. Moreover, Farr Wharton et al. (2014) depicted that the variety of the products also attracts them a lot and they purchased these items from the stores. The generation Y people purchase the products that are more in trend, have attractive packaging, and can be prepared quickly. Smaller family unit and single unit Smaller family focused about their requirement for the precooked products items and select items that are easy to digest and have health benefits, as they are more concern about their family members (Grunert et al. 2014). However, single adults mainly targeted diet conscious food products and spend a lot in these precooked items as they keep themselves busy in their daily routine work (Daelman et al. 2013). Thus, it reflects the lifestyle of the family and the single person. Part B Other demographic trends and its effect 1. Vacation in Australia and New Zealand Murphy (2013) illustrates that generation Y is involved in the volunteer tourism and global citizenship that can be considered as the other demographic trends among the communal. Terrorist attacks may be regarded as demographic trends as people do not travel to those areas where there is more risk of the terrorist (Parida et al. 2015). Dobruszkes et al. (2016) demonstrate that the cultural of the communal also proves to be beneficial for the person to visit different places irrespective of the demographic factors of age and gender as everyone like to know about the culture of the new demographic areas. The gender factor is also dependent on this factor like the male person have the tendency to travel more in the mountainous regions, however, the female person prefer the maritime zones more than the hill stations (Garg 2013). 2. Cosmetic products Apart from the age and gender of the communal, the marital status of the people also influences the consumer behavior for purchasing the cosmetics products. Moreover, Orozco-terWengel (2016) depict that the employment status of the communal also affects the buying behavior of the people who earn more will invest more on these products than the people who are earning less. The religion and the health factors also make the people concerned about the purchasing the cosmetics. 3. Pre-cooked food items Other demographic factors are the population factor that influences the purchasing procedures of the food items. The education among the communal also plays a crucial role in the consumer behavior of the communal (Slining et al. 2013). 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