Introduction To Psychological Testing Paper

Introduction To Psychological Testing PaperThe study ofperson and his characteristics is themost important confinementsof mental acquirement. increase of psychological science is characterized with significant increase in interest to problems of psycho diagnostic.The aim of modern psycho diagnostic is research of characteristics and differences mingled with individuals and groups in a systematic manner.The task of such research in the most general form is definition of mental and psychological characteristics of individuals and their intra-individual relationships.Psychologicaltest is thebasis forpsycho diagnosticsof spateandthe foundationof practicablepsychology. The aim of this paper is to define the concept of psychological test, describe its major categories, the concepts of reliability and validity, and other fundamental questions associated with psychological testing.The conceptof a psychological testand its maincharacteristicsThe scope of psycho diagnostic includes a set of various diagnostic methods to notice psychological characteristics of man.It represents a bridge between general and applied psychology, and in relation to the methods used, it acts as a common ground that unites each beas of their practical application. Practical psycho diagnostics solves some veritable(prenominal) problems, which include the following1.To establish certain(p) psychological properties or behavior in a person.2.Determine the degree of development of these properties and their expression in detail quantitative and qualitative terms.3.Description of diagnostic psychological behavior of a person4.Comparison of the degree of development of psychological characteristics in different people.The standardised psycho diagnostic methods, allowing obtaining comparable quantitative and qualitative indicators of the degree of development of the properties in people, are called psychological tests.Under govern techniques is meant that they havestrictly definerulesof app lication,rangingfromstudying the situationand ending withthe methods of calculationandinterpretationof results.The literature presents a great variety of definitions of psychological testsPsychological test is essentially an objective and standardized measurement of a sample of behavior (The American Psychological Association).Test is a standardized, often period-limited study designed to establish the quantitative (and qualitative) individual psychological differences (The American Psychological Association).Under test is understood a specific tool for evaluating the psychological qualities of the individual, which consists of set of tasks or questions, offered under standard conditions and is intended to identify particle types of behavior (The American Psychological Association) objectiveness,validityandreliabilityare the main requirementsto the test.It is necessary to consider these concepts and to discuss how they impact the field of psychological testing.Objectivityof a psych ological testmeansthat primeindicators, evaluationand interpretationof data do notdepend onthe behaviorandsubjectivejudgmentsof the experimenter.Developmentof testing tasks, its procedure, processingof test resultsis carried outaccording to certainstandardrules.To achieveobjectivity,a psychological testmust follow the nextconditions calibration ofprocedures of conductingthe testto allow comparisonof its resultsnormalization of testperformance evaluation Definition of result normsof the testforcomparisonthem withresultsgot from theprocessing of test data.These terzetto conditions are referred to as the stages of standardization of psychological tests. During the development of a test certain standardization procedures are carried out, which include three stages1.The first stage of standardization of psychological tests is to establish uniform testing procedures.2.The second phase is to establish a uniform evaluation of the test the standard interpretation of the results and pre-sta ndard evaluation.3.The third stage of standardization of psychological tests is to determine the norms of the test.Norms are necessary in the interpretation of test results (primary parameters), as a benchmark with which to compare testing data.For example, in tests of intelligence the primary received IQ is correlated with standard IQ (43, 44, 45 points in the test of Raven).If the IQ received by respondent is above normative, as 60 points, we can talk about of the respondent as high.If the resulting IQ is lower than the norm, then the level of intelligence is low, if the received IQ is 43, 44 or 45 points, then it is average. (Ford-Martin, 2004)All methods of psychological diagnosis, both standardized and non-standardized, are aimed at measuring personality traits and characteristics of intelligence.Each method is designed to measure a certain personal characteristic, and information about the extent to which the test actually measures it is known as the concept of validity.Effec tivemethod oftestingcan becreated, ifit passedallthe stages ofvalidation,when it meets requirements of both generalandpractical validity.Practicalvalidity describesthe testnot byitspsychologicalcontent,but in termsofitsvalue for achievingcertainpracticalgoals(prediction,diagnosis). (Messic, 1980)The last importantcharacteristic oftestsare their reliability. Reliabilitymeansconsistency oftestresultsof eachtesting attempt with the same subject,with theresultsof his firsttest.Absolutereliability ofthe testdoes notexist, and errorsare allowed,butthe higher arethey,the lower is thetestreliability. The highreliability ofthe testing methodmeansthatitaccuratelymeasuresthe characteristic.Thesethree basic characteristics ofpsychological testdetermineitsuse in practicalpsychology.ConclusionPsycho diagnosticsisan areaof psychological science, andat the same timethe most importantformof psychological practice,that is associatedwith the development and useof variousmethodsof recognitionof individ ualpsychological characteristics of people.Psycho diagnosticsis aset ofmethods and tools fordiagnosisof mentalcharacteristics of man.One of suchmethodsistesting.The use ofpsychologicaltestsis aimedto investigate the characteristicsof person, and provideinformationabout mentalproperties ofa particularperson(the subject).An effective psychologicaltestshouldmeet requirements suchas objectivity,validityandreliability,in this caseitgivesthe correct results,which canbeinterpretedand appliedin practicalpsychology.